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Cells
Review for the Cells Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the four basic needs of living things? | food, water, air, shelter |
| What are the 6 characteristics of living things? | must have cells, must use energy, must be able to reproduce, must respond to stimuli/adapt, must move, and must grow and develop |
| What are the three parts of the cell theory? | 1. cells are the basic unit of life, 2. all living things are made up of one or more cells, 3. Cells come from other living cells |
| What is the MAIN difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? | prokaryotic cells have no nucleus and eukaryotic cells do have nucleus |
| What are the three things a plant cell has that an animal cell does not? | cell wall, chloroplast, large vacuole |
| This organelle is the place where a plant cell makes food. | Chloroplast |
| This organelle digests particles in the cell. | Lysosome |
| This organelle is a small cavity that stores/holds things and moves them around the cell. | Vesicle |
| This organelle is a rigid structure on the outside of a plant cell. | Cell Wall |
| This organelle is a small structure that makes proteins. | Ribosomes |
| This organelle is called the transport pathway. | ER |
| This organelle controls all things that happen in the cell. | Nucleus |
| This organelle is the powerhouse of the cell and breaks down food to release energy. | Mitochondria |
| This is the jelly-like fluid that fills the cell. | Cytoplasm |
| This organelle packages and delivers proteins. | Golgi |
| This is the "blueprints" of the cell and is the genetic material. | Chromosomes (DNA) |
| This organelle has pores that let things in and out of the cell | Cell Membrane |
| This organelle is a storage center. | Vacuole |
| What is photosynthesis? | the process where a plant makes food using the sun's energy |
| What three things does a plant need for photosynthesis? | water, sunlight, carbon dioxide |
| What are the two products of photosynthesis? | glucose, oxygen |
| What organelle does photosynthesis occur in? | chloroplast |
| What types of organisms does photosynthesis occur in? | plants only |
| What are the two things an organism needs to do cellular respiration? | glucose and oxygen |
| What are the three products of cellular respiration? | carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP) |
| What is cellular respiration? | The process of breaking down food to release energy |
| What organelle does cellular respiration occur in ? | mitochondria |
| What types of organisms does cellular respiration occur in? | plants AND animals |
| Where does almost all the energy for living things come from? | sun |
| How do plants depend on animals? | Animals give carbon dioxide to plants. |
| How do animals depend on plants? | Plants give animals oxygen and food |
| Why is it important for your body to produce new cells all the time? | to replace the ones that die |
| Cells --> ______ --> organs --> ____ --> organisms | tissue, organ system |
| When a cell goes through the cell cycle, how do the daughter cells compare to the parent cell? | They are identical |
| What is the cell cycle? | the process in which a cell divides |
| What happens during interphase? | the cell grows and DNA is duplicated |
| What happens during prophase? | the nucleus dissolves and the chromosomes wind up into chromatids. |
| What happens during metaphase? | the chromatids line up along the center of the cell. |
| What happens during anaphase? | the chromatids are pulled to opposite ends of the cell with help from the centrioles |
| What happens during telophase? | a new nucleus forms around each of the groups of chromatids, and then the chromatids unwind |
| What happens during cytokinesis? | the cell splits into two new daughter cells, identical to the parent cell. |
| What is biogenesis? | life comes from life |
| What is spontaneous generation? | life simply appears |
| What is active transport? | movement of particles from low to high concentration using energy |
| What is passive transport? | movement of particles from high to low concentration without using energy |
| Why are microscopes useful to scientists? | they allow us to see things that are too small to see with the naked eye |
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