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Chapter 5 Nutri Diet
Nutrition during Pregnancy and Lactation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Weight gain for 1st Trimester | 0.5 to 2 kg or 1 to 4.5 pounds in total for the whole 1st Trimester |
| Weight gain for 2nd and 3rd Trimester | 0.5 to 1 kg or 1 to 2 pounds per week |
| Average weight gain during pregnancy | 11 to 15 kg or 25 to 35 pounds |
| Average weight gain during 1st trimester in pounds (slide 2) | 2 to 4 pounds |
| The second and third trimester average per week (slide 2) | 1 pounds or 2.2 kg |
| What trimester that no additional kcal are required? | 1st trimester |
| And additional ______ kcal is needed during the 2nd and 3rd trimester? | 300 kcal |
| Research has shown that adequate pre-pregnancy nutrition is critical for preventing _______ defects such as _______ | neural tube defects; spina bifida: is a birth defect where a baby's spine and spinal cord do not develop properly, leading to a gap in the spine. |
| Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) of calories of women of childbearing age is _________ kcal | 2,200 kcal |
| Extra calories needed during pregnancy (1st Trimester, 2nd Trimester, 3rd Trimester) | 1st Trimester: 100-200 2nd Trimester: 250-350 3rd Trimester; 350-450 |
| The daily reference intake for protein in women is ______ | 46 g/d |
| If protein needs are met, overall nutritional needs are met as well except for vitamins ______, _______, _______ | Vitamin C, A, D. |
| Vitamin that is found in animal protein; therefore inadequate of protein means your are also deficient from this vitamin | Vitamin B12 |
| What fats do pregnant woman should avoid | Animal fats |
| Pregnant woman are encourage intake of ________ oils found in fish, fortified eggs, and spreads. | Omega-3 |
| Vitamin needs of pregnant women | Vitamin A, D, daily prenatal vitamins, folic acid for preventing neural tube defects, and production of red blood cells |
| Vitamin E requirement increases for all ages (from ____ to ____g) | 8 to 10 g |
| Vitamin K requirement remains the same for women 25 and older (____ ug) but dramatically increases for girls 11-14 (from _____ ug to _____ug) | 65 ug 45 to 65 ug |
| MIneral needs for pregnant women | CaPIFeNa Calcium, Phosphorus, Iodine, Iron (DRI for pregnant woman= 27 mg), Sodium |
| Requirements for all water-solutble vitamins are ______ Requirements for Ca, Fe, Zn, I, and Se are all _______ supplements commonly prescribed | increased Iron supplements |
| More than _____ to ____ glasses of fluid daily required for pregnant women | 2 to 3 |
| lowers cholesterol levels & removes carcinogenic contaminants from the intestine. | Fiber |
| 1st Trimester nutrition | Folic acid- healthy formation of rbc and development of cns Ginger- nausea & morning sickness Vitamin A- boost immune system |
| 2nd Trimester nutrition | Calcium- reduce risk hbp and because this trim is when babies bones and teeth is beginning to develop Magnesium- essential to bone formation & helps convert food to energy & regulate body temperature |
| 3rd Trimester nutrition | Vitamin C- keeps immune system in good shape; plays a role in functioning of the placenta Thiamine- help release energy from foods Water & Fiber- helps fight constipation (common discomfort preggy moms face) |
| Best milk for mothers | Fat-free milk |
| Common pregnancy concern that occurs most commonly in first trimester | Morning sickness |
| Occurs when nausea becomes so severe that it is life-threatening | Hyperemesis Gravidarum |
| Caused by pressure on the mother's stomach as the fetus devleops | Heartburn |
| is the craving for nonfood substances such as starch, clay (soil), or ice. | Pica |
| Pregnancy-induced hypertension | Pre-eclampsia or toxemia in pregnancy |
| is a condition caused by an insufficiency of red blood cells, hemoglobin, or blood volume. | Anemia |
| Most common form of anemia | Iron deficiency anemia |
| may lead to megaloblastic anemia, another form of anemia. | Folate deficiency anemia |
| is a serious condition that occurs in a child when a mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy, leading to lifelong physical and mental disabilities (child characterized by a growth deficiency, cns dysfunction and microcephaly (small head)) | Fetal alcohol syndrome |
| Drugs derived from vitamin _______ can cause fetal malformations and spontaneous abortions. | Vitamin A |
| ___________________ agents may be harmful to the fetus and should not be used. | oral hypoglycemic agents |
| The production and secretion of breast milk for the purpose of nourishing an infant. | Lactation |
| ___ to ____ weeks to establish a feeding routine. | 2 to 3 weeks |
| How much increase of kcal per day do Food and Nutrition Board suggest when mothers are lactating? | 500 kcal per day |
| Lactation does not supply what nutrients? | iron, Vit. D, or fluoride |
| Human milk contains at least ______ ingredients not found in formula milk | 100 ingredients |
Created by:
vivoree