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Unit 1 - A &P II
Cardiovascular, Lymphatic
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is the Rh Factor? | A protein (antigen D) found on red blood cells. If the Rh factor is present, blood is Rh positive. If the Rh factor is absent, blood is Rh negative. |
| Why is the Rh factor important in pregnancy? | If a Rh negative mother carries a Rh positive baby her immune system can attack the baby's red blood cells causing the baby to die. |
| Rhogam shot | Used to prevent a Rh negative mother from developing antibodies against her baby's Rh factor. |
| A protein produced by the immune system in response to a specific antigen. | Antibody |
| A foreign substance that prompts the body to launch an immune response | Antigen |
| True or False: Getting a shot is not the same thing as getting a vaccine? | True |
| What are the four main components of blood? | white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, plasma |
| Transports cells, nutrients, hormones, and waste | Plasma |
| Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide | Red blood cells |
| Fight infections | White blood cells |
| Helps with blood clotting by gathering at the site of injury | Platelets |
| What are the two main classes of leukocytes? | Granulocytes and Agranulocytes |
| What are the 3 types of granulocytes? | Neutrophils, Basophils, Eosinophils |
| What are the 2 types of agranulocytes? | Monocytes, Lymphocytes |
| What are the two main circulatory circuits are in the body? | Systemic & Pulmonary |
| Delivers oxygenated blood to the body and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart | Systemic Circuit |
| Deoxygenated blood flows to the lungs; oxygenated blood returns to the heart. | Pulmonary Circuit |
| Which side of the heart pumps blood through the pulmonary circuit? | The right side |
| Which side of the heart pumps blood through the systemic circuit? | The left side |
| What are the 3 layers of the heart wall? | Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium |
| Endocardium | Lines the inside of the heart, creates heart valves, prevents blood from clotting |
| Myocardium | Thick, middle layer of the heart, contracts and moves around blood |
| Epicardium | Outer most layer of the heart, creates blood vessels |
| Systole | The contraction phase of the heart, when blood is pumped out |
| Diastole | The relaxation phase of the heart, when chambers fill with blood. |
| During ventricular systole, which valves close? | The AV (atrioventricular) valves close, and semilunar valves open. |
| Pulmonic and Aortic Valves are also called | semilunar valves |
| During diastole, which valves open? | Tricuspid and Mitral (bicuspid) valves open and semilunar valves close |
| 3 main types of blood vessels | arteries, veins, capillaries |
| Arteries carry blood | away from the heart |
| Veins carry blood | towards the heart |
| Capillaries | connects arteries and veins and allow for gas exchange to happen within tissues |
| Active immunity | Developed after exposure to an antigen (through infection or vaccination) |
| Passive immunity | Individual is passed immunity from someone else |
| 2 examples of passive immunity are | Maternal antibodies from breastmilk, (natural) antibiotics (artificial) |
| Blood flow on the right side of the heart | Superior and inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs |
| Blood flow on the left side of the heart | Pulmonary veins, left atrium, mitral (bicuspid valve), left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body |
| What is an autoimmune disease? | When the body's immune system attacks its own cells |
| Give two examples of autoimmune disease | Type 1 diabetes, lupus, |
Created by:
brimer7697