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Genetics (AI)

QuestionAnswer
What is polygenic inheritance? A trait controlled by many genes, creating a wide range of variations.
What are Mendel’s Laws? Rules of inheritance: Law of Segregation and Law of Independent Assortment.
What is the Law of Segregation? Alleles separate during gamete formation so each gamete gets one.
What is the Law of Independent Assortment? Alleles for different traits separate independently during gamete formation.
What is a Punnett square used for? Predicting possible offspring genotypes and their probabilities.
What is a dihybrid cross? A cross that examines two traits at the same time.
What is incomplete dominance? Neither allele is fully dominant, so the heterozygous phenotype is a blend.
What is codominance? Both alleles are fully expressed at the same time.
How are blood types inherited? Through multiple alleles (A, B, O) with A and B codominant and O recessive.
What is the difference between purebred and hybrid? Purebred has identical alleles; hybrid has two different alleles.
What do haploid and diploid mean? Haploid = one chromosome set (23); diploid = two chromosome sets (46).
What is meiosis? Cell division that produces haploid gametes and increases genetic variation.
What is crossing over? When homologous chromosomes swap segments during meiosis, creating new combinations.
What is fertilization? The fusion of sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote.
One pro of sexual reproduction? High genetic variation.
One con of sexual reproduction? Takes more time, more energy, and requires two parents.
One pro of asexual reproduction? Fast reproduction with only one parent needed.
One con of asexual reproduction? No genetic variation, making populations vulnerable.
Created by: agastyad
 

 



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