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Chem Chapter 3
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atom | Smallest particle of matter that retains the properties of an element |
| Mass number | The weight (mass) of an element Identifies isotopes. Neurons + Protons = Mass # |
| Isotope | Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons |
| Electron | Subatomic particle Negative charge Found in all forms of matter |
| Neutron | Subatomic particle Neutral charge Mass is almost equal to the proton |
| Proton | Subatomic particle Positive charge Amount of charge equal to that of an electron |
| Scanning Tunneling Microscope | Instrument allowing atoms to be seen |
| Atomic number | The number of protons (or electrons) in an atom |
| Radioactive | Emits rays and particles (radiation) |
| Atomic Mass Unit | amu Expresses weight 1/12 the mass of a 12-carbon atom |
| Know how to calculate Isotope abundance | (% x amu) + (% x amu) % in decimal form Ex. 64% to 0.64 |
| Know how to read the periodic table | Neutrons = Mass - atomic number |
| Dalton's 5 parts of his atomic theory | -Elements are composed of invisible particles (atoms) -Atoms of the same element are identical -Atoms of diff elements can combine to form compounds -Chemical reactions occur when atoms are separated -Chemical reactions are atom arrangement |
| Democritus | #1 Somewhere between 460-370 BC Created the atomic theory/first to propose the atom |
| John Dalton | #2 1803 Chemical atomic theory and the 5 components of atomic theory |
| J.J. Thomson | #3 1904 Plum pudding model |
| Ernest Rutherford | #4 1911 First to make an atomic model with a nucleus and electrons orbiting the nucleus |
| Niels Bohr | #5 1913 Explained quantum theory for the atom |
| James Chadwick | #6 1932 Discovered the neutron |
| Hydrogen | H |
| Helium | He |
| Lithium | Li |
| Beryllium | Be |
| Boron | B |
| Carbon | C |
| Nitrogen | N |
| Oxygen | O |
| Fluorine | F |
| Neon | Ne |
| Sodium | Na |
| Magnesium | Mg |
| Aluminum | Al |
| Silicon | Si |
| Phosphorus | P |
| Sulfur | S |
| Chlorine | Cl |
| Argon | Ar |
| Potassium | K |
| Calcium | Ca |
| Titanium | Ti |
| Magnanese | Mn |
| Iron | Fe |
| Copper | Cu |
| Zinc | Zn |
| Arsenic | As |
| Krypton | Kr |
| Strontium | Sr |
| Silver | Ag |
| Tin | Sn |
| Iodine | I |
| Xenon | Xe |
| Tungsten | W |
| Gold | Au |
| Mercury | Hg |
| Lead | Pb |
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