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Unit 4:Gov Structure
Structure of Branches
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Authority to hear and decide a case. | Jurisdiction |
| Authority to hear a case first. | Original Jurisdiction |
| Group of peers usually 12 people that hear and decide a case. | Jury |
| Court trial where a judge decides the case determining the guilt or innocence and punishment. | Bench Trial |
| The decision in a case (guilty or not guilty) is called a... | Verdict |
| Name of lowest federal court where most criminal and civil cases are first heard? | U.S. District Court |
| Name of mid-level courts where they determine if the lower court made a mistake. | U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals or Appellate Court |
| Court that hears Constitutional cases. | U.S. Supreme Court |
| A detailed explanation written by a judge or justice explaining the legal thinking behind a court decision. | Opinion |
| Supreme Court reviewing a law or policy to determine if it goes against the Constitution is called? | Judicial Review |
| Powers given to the federal/national government by the Constitution. | Called Enumerated, Delegated, or Expressed Powers |
| Powers given to the States by the Constitution | Reserved Powers |
| Powers given to Congress that are not specifically stated in the Constitution but assumed under the "necessary and proper clause." | implied powers |
| Name given to the "Necessary and Proper" clause in the Constitution because it stretches the powers of Congress to include making almost any laws. | Elastic Clause |
| Latin wording meaning the making something illegal retroactively, after the fact. | Ex Post Facto |
| How old do you have to be to be President of the United States | 35 years old |
| How old do you have to be to be a House of Representative Member | 25 years old |
| What government position do you have to be a natural born citizen? | President |
| How long do you have to live in the United States to run to be President? | 14 years |
| How old do you have to be to be a senator? | 30 years old |
| What Article of the Constitution Creates the Legislative Branch | Article 1 |
| What Article of the Constitution Creates the Executive Branch | Article 2 |
| What Article of the Constitution Creates the Judicial Branch | Article 3 |
| Who is the head of the Executive Branch | President |
| What is the upper house of Congress called | Senate |
| What is the lower house of Congress called? | House of Representatives |
| How does the government decide how many House of Representatives per state? | By State Population |
| What is it called when the government counts the population every 10 years in the United States? | Census |
| How long is a presidential term? | 4 years |
| How long is a senator term? | 6 years |
| How long is a House of Representative term? | 2 years |
| Does Congress have Term limits | No, they can be re-elected indefinitely |
| Powers that are shared by both the national government and the state governments like taxation are called? | Concurrent Powers |
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