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BIOLOGY

BIOLOGY REVISION

QuestionAnswer
Recall the 8 major characteristics of living things movement, respiration, excretion, nutrition, sensitivity, specific organisation, reproduction, growth
Define cellular respiration. A cellular process that releases energy from energy-rich foods (e.g. glucose).
Female parts of the flower and their functions Ovary- The ovary contains eggs. These are the female sex cells. Style- a long tube that transports pollen that's attached to the stigma. Stigma- The small tip that sticks out of the flower to collect pollen (site of pollination)
Male parts of the flower and their functions Filament- A thin stalk attached to the flower Anther- A small sack attached to the top of the filament. The anther contains a fine yellow powder called pollen, which produces sperm cells.
Organism A living thing.
Prokaryotic Cells that have no true nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles.
Eukaryotic Cells that have membrane-bound organelles including a true nucleus.
Unicellular An organism made up of one cell.
Multicellular An organism composed of many cells.
Species A group of organisms that can potentially interbreed in nature to produce viable, fertile offspring and are reproductively isolated from other groups.
organelles Small body within a cell which has a specific function
cell wall A non-living layer that surrounds the cell membrane. In plants, this is made of cellulose.
cell membrane The thin layer surrounding the cell.  It controls what enters and leaves the cell.
cytoplasm The jelly-like substance that fills a cell.
nucleus The control centre of the cell, where the genetic material (chromosomes made of DNA) is found.
chloroplasts An organelle in plant cells which contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis.
mitochondria Organelle found in eukaryotes that is the site of cellular respiration
Recall the major parts of a light microscope and their functions eyepiece, objective lens, revolving nosepiece, stage, coarse focus knob, fine focus knob, light adjustment dial
Describe how a microscope image is different from the real image of a specimen. flips the image 180° horizontally flips the image 180° vertically Magnify the image (makes it bigger)
Recall the major levels in the Linnean Classification System Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Define movement The process where the whole organism or part of it changes position or orientation.
Define respiration The process whereby food is broken down to release energy.
Define excretion The process of the removal of metabolic wastes from the body of an organism.
Define nutrition The process whereby chemicals required by an organism to maintain life are obtained.
Define sensitivity The state where a response is produced due to a stimulus.
Define specific organisation The state where an organism has a definite structure and is made up of cells. 
Define reproduction The process whereby new organisms are produced from pre-existing ones.
Define growth The process that results in an organism increasing in size (often due to cell division)
eyepiece What the observer looks through to see the image in the microscope
objective lens What light travels up through which magnifies the image
revolving nosepiece The objective lenses and the magnification of the image can be changed by moving it
stage Where the slide is held firmly in place
coarse focus knob Its used to initially bring the specimen into focus
fine focus knob Its used to make small focus adjustments
light adjustment dial Controls the amount of light is controlled
Created by: s114532
 

 



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