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chem AP
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When two solutions are mixed, an insoluble solid forms | Precipitation reactions |
| A soluble hydroxide and a soluble acid react to form water and a salt | Acid-Base reactions |
| Reactions in which one or more electrons are transferred | Oxidations-Reduction reactions (redox rxns) |
| A: Determine what reaction takes place B: write the balanced net ionic equation for the reaction C: Calculate the moles of reactants D: Determine which reactant is limiting E: Calculate the moles of product or products F: Convert to grams/Other unit | Stoichiometry of Precipitation Reactions |
| Bronsted: acids are proton donors, bases are proton acceptors Arrhenius: Acids produce H+ ions in water, bases product OH- ions in solutions | Acid-Base reactions (Neutralization Reactions) |
| 1: List the species present in the combined solution before any reactions occurs; decide what reaction will occur 2: Write the balanced net ionic equation for this reaction 3: Calculate the moles or reactants | Stoichiometry Calculations for Acid-Base reactions |
| A: For reactions in solution, use volumes of the original solutions and their molarities 4: Determine the limiting reactant where appropriate 5: Calculate the moles of the required reactant or product 6: Convert to grams or volume of solution require | Stoichiometry calculations for acid-base reactions (extended) |
| Solution of known concentration | Titrant |
| Solution of unknown concentration | Analyte |
| Point at which the amount of titrant added to analyte results in perfect neutralization | Equivalence point |
| A substance added at the beginning of the titration that changes color of the equivalence point | Indicator |
| The point at which the indicator changes color | Endpoint |
| A: The exact reaction between titrant and analyte must be known B: The reaction must proceed rapidly C:The equivalence point must be marked accurately D:The volume of titrant required to reach the equivalence point | Requirements for a successful titration |
| E: for Acid Base Titrations, the titrant should be a strong acid or strong base | Requirements for a successful titration (Extended) |