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AP comp4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Circular reasoning | A fallacy in which the writer repeats the claim as a way to provide evidence. Insufficient biased evidence |
| Closed Thesis | a statement of the main idea of the argument that also previews the major points the writer intends to make. |
| Inductive reasoning | Logical process in which multiple premises, all believed true or found true moste of the time, are combined to obtatin a specific conclusion (known as bottom up) |
| Synecdoche | Referring to one part of something as a way to refer to the whole. (a type of metonmy when a whole is representd by naming one of its parts or vice versa) |
| Rebuttal | Statements recognizing the opposing side, while refuting their claims. |
| Claim of policy | proposes a change. |
| Deductive reasoning | A logical process whereby the writer reasoning goes through a logical process in which a conclusion is based on the concordance of multiple premises that are assumed to be true (known as top down). |
| claim of value | argues that something is good or bad, right or wrong. |
| Anaphora | Repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines (a form of parallelism). |
| Anecdote | A brief recounting of a relevant episode, are often inserted into texts as a way of developing a point or injecting humor. |
| Ad hominem | When the speaker abandons the argument to attack the opponent |
| Antecedent | A noun to which a pronoun refers. |
| Polysyndeton | A literary technique in which conjunctions (e.g. and, but, or) are used repeatedly in quick succession, often with no commas, even when the conjunctions could be removed. (bound together) |
| Periodic sentence | A long, complex, grammatically correct sentence. The main clause comes last and is preceded by the subordinate clause. It's effective when it's used to arouse interest and curiosity, to hold an idea in suspense before its final revelation. |
| Declarative Sentence | simply states a fact or argument without requiring either an answer or action from the reader. You punctuate your declarative sentences with a simple period. |
| Imperative Sentence | A sentence that requests or commands. |
| Colloqualism | The use of ordinary or familiar words or phrases (Wanna) |
| Asyndeton | A writing style where conjunctions are omitted in a series of words, phrases or clauses. It is used to shorten a sentence and focus on its meaning. (not connected) |