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Tissue Response
Tissue Response -21
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| HEALING IS A continuum | 3 phases of healing overlap each other & have no definitive beginning or end points |
| Phase I | Acute inflammatory Phase Starts right away latest 2-4 days. Treatment: Protect, Localize |
| What happens first after an injury — vasoconstriction or vasodilation | Vasoconstriction happens first. |
| What is vasoconstriction | The narrowing of blood vessels, which decreases blood flow to the area for about 5–10 minutes. This helps form a platelet plug and start blood coagulation (clotting). |
| What happens after vasoconstriction | Vasodilation occurs — the blood vessels widen, increasing blood flow to bring oxygen and nutrients to the area. |
| Why is vasodilation important? | It increases blood flow, transports oxygen and nutrients, and helps remove waste products |
| What role do proteins play during this phase? | Proteins act as building blocks for tissue repair. |
| What are “cellular changes”? | They are chemical reactions that begin immediately after injury to start the healing process. |
| Constrict | Stop the bleeding. |
| Dilate | Start the healing.” |
| What type of cells are responsible for forming blood clots | Platelets (also called thrombocytes) |
| What do platelets do when tissue is exposed or injured? | They adhere to the exposed tissue, forming a plug (clot) to stop bleeding. |
| What do clots do to the lymphatic system during healing? | Clots obstruct lymphatic fluid drainage, helping to contain swelling and prevent further fluid buildup. |
| What is the main purpose of clot formation? | To localize the injury, preventing it from spreading and creating a stable base for healing. |
| Platelets Plug the Problem! | They stick, stop bleeding, and start healing.) |
| Chronic Inflammation | Typically associated with overuse, overload, cumulative microtrauma. |
| If Steve doesn’t take proper care during the first phase of healing what can occur when thinking about inflammation | Can become chronic |
| What material attaches itself to the exposed tissue during healing | Platelets (also called thrombocytes) |
| Phase II | Repair Regeneration Phase, Phase will extend from 48 Hrs to 3-6 weeks. Phase removes debris & temporary repair scare formation. (fibroplasia) |
| What happens to pain and tenderness during the repair phase? | Pain and tenderness gradually subside during this period. |
| What is the main goal of the repair phase? | To rebuild and restore damaged tissue after the inflammatory phase. |
| How many processes occur during tissue repair? | Tissue is repaired through three phases. |
| What is the first process in tissue repair? | Resolution – when dead cells and cellular debris are removed, leaving the original structure and function intact. |
| What are fibroblasts and what do they do? | Fibroblasts are tissue-forming cells that help rebuild and strengthen the damaged area. |
| What happens during tissue remodeling? | The tissue is reorganized and strengthened, restoring normal structure and function. |
| Phase 1 = Stop the bleeding 💉 Phase 2 = Rebuild the tissue 🧱 Phase 3 = Strengthen and remodel | |
| What is regeneration? II | The process in which damaged tissue is replaced by cells of the same type, allowing the structure to retain some or all of its original function. |
| What key process is involved in regeneration? | The synthesis of collagen (fibrous tissue formation). |
| What is repair? | When original tissue is replaced with scar tissue, resulting in the loss of the original structure and function. |
| What is important for proper repair after injury? | Correct tissue alignment during the healing process. |
| Steve has noticed a decrease in pain & tenderness in his ankle, what phase of healing has he progressed into | Phase 2 repair |
| During the 3rd phase of repair the original tissue is replaced with what kind of tissue? | Scare Tissue repair |
| Phase III | Remodeling Maturation Phase, begins at week 3. increase strength of repaired/replaced tissues |
| Remodeling Phase III | Long term process |
| synthesis | To build up |
| lysis | Break down |
| Remodeling Phase | Continued breakdown and synthesis of collagen = increased strength |
| Remodeling Phase III | Tissue will gradually assume normal appearance, Will take several years to complete |
| What is the main purpose of the last phase of the healing process? | Get strength to repair tissue |
| Steve has started more intense rehab from his ankle sprain, what forces will help realign the repaired fibers | Tension forces- pulling |
| Steve wants to know exactly how long it’s going to be until his ankle is as strong as his other ankle, back to normal, what will you say to him? | Its continuum Estimate 3 months. |
| What are the five cardinal signs of inflammation? | Redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function. |
| What causes redness during inflammation? | Dilation of arterioles and increased blood flow to the area |
| What causes heat at the site of inflammation? | Increased chemical activity and increased blood flow to the skin surface. |
| What causes swelling during inflammation? | Accumulation of blood and damaged tissue cells (fluid buildup) |
| What causes pain during inflammation? | Direct injury to nerve fibers, pressure of hematoma on nerve endings, and chemical irritants. |
| What causes loss of function in an inflamed area? | Increased pain and swelling that limit movement or use of the area. |
| What are the three main phases of the healing process? | Inflammatory Response Phase Fibroblastic Repair Phase Maturation-Remodeling Phase |
| When does the Inflammatory Response Phase occur? | Immediately after injury and lasts about 2–4 days. |
| What happens during the Inflammatory Response Phase? | The body’s defense system activates; blood flow increases, and inflammation removes damaged tissue |
| When does the Fibroblastic Repair Phase begin and end? | Begins around day 4 and can last up to 4–6 weeks. |
| What occurs during the Fibroblastic Repair Phase? | Collagen and scar tissue form, and new tissue (fibroblasts) begins to rebuild the injured area. |
| When does the Maturation-Remodeling Phase begin? | Around week 6 and can last for several months to years, depending on the injury |
| What occurs during the Maturation-Remodeling Phase | Tissue realigns and strengthens along the lines of stress to restore function. |
Created by:
Hpalette