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PPL
oral
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| **Here’s your complete Private Pilot Oral Exam flashcard set — all Q&A formatted for easy copy-paste into a flashcard app like Anki or Quizlet.** | |
| It covers every topic you listed, from privileges to emergency procedures, using clear, concise FAA-based answers. | |
| --- | |
| **Q: What are the privileges of a private pilot?** | |
| A: Act as PIC, carry passengers, share operating expenses, fly for charity, tow gliders, and fly internationally or into Class B airspace with proper endorsements. | |
| **Q: What are the limitations of a private pilot?** | |
| A: Cannot fly for compensation or hire (except limited exceptions), must pay at least pro rata share of expenses, and must meet currency requirements to carry passengers. | |
| --- | |
| **Q: What documents must a pilot carry on a flight?** | |
| A: Pilot certificate, government-issued photo ID, and valid medical certificate. | |
| **Q: What documents must be onboard the aircraft? (ARROW)** | |
| A: Airworthiness Certificate, Registration Certificate, Radio License (if international), Operating Handbook (POH/AFM), and Weight & Balance data. | |
| **Q: What additional document is needed to fly internationally?** | |
| A: FCC Radio Station License. | |
| --- | |
| **Q: What inspections are required for the aircraft? (AV1ATE)** | |
| A: Annual (12 months), VOR (30 days for IFR), 100-hour (if for hire), Altimeter/static (24 months), Transponder (24 months), ELT (12 months or after 1 hour use or 50% battery life). | |
| **Q: What is an MEL?** | |
| A: A Minimum Equipment List is an FAA-approved list of equipment that may be inoperative under specific conditions while still allowing flight. | |
| **Q: If no MEL, what 4 documents must you check to determine airworthiness?** | |
| A: 91.205, POH/AFM, KOEL (if available), and ADs. | |
| **Q: What are the 4 parts of an MEL?** | |
| A: Preamble, Letter of Authorization, Master MEL, and Procedures Document. | |
| **Q: What must you do if inoperative equipment is not listed in those documents?** | |
| A: Deactivate or remove it, placard it “inoperative,” and ensure the aircraft is still safe to fly. | |
| **Q: What is a special flight permit?** | |
| A: A permit allowing flight of a non-airworthy aircraft to a location for repairs. Request from local FSDO. | |
| --- | |
| **Q: What class medical is required for each rating and how long does it last?** | |
| A: 1st (ATP): 12 months under 40, 6 months over 40. 2nd (Commercial): 12 months. 3rd (Private): 60 months under 40, 24 months over 40. | |
| **Q: What is a SODA?** | |
| A: Statement of Demonstrated Ability — FAA waiver for static medical conditions. | |
| **Q: What is a special issuance medical?** | |
| A: FAA-issued medical for disqualifying conditions requiring periodic review. | |
| **Q: What endorsements are needed for a solo XC?** | |
| A: Pre-solo flight training, solo flight endorsement, solo XC planning, and route-specific XC endorsement. | |
| --- | |
| **Q: What affects takeoff, climb, cruise, and landing performance?** | |
| A: Atmospheric conditions, density altitude, pressure altitude, runway surface, and slope. | |
| **Q: How do paved vs. grass runways affect performance?** | |
| A: Grass increases takeoff distance due to more drag. | |
| **Q: How do upslopes vs. downslopes affect performance?** | |
| A: Upslope increases takeoff distance; downslope decreases it. | |
| **Q: What’s the difference between currency and proficiency?** | |
| A: Currency = legal; proficiency = safe and skilled. | |
| **Q: Effects of forward vs. aft CG?** | |
| A: Forward CG = more stable, higher stall speed. Aft CG = less stable, lower stall speed, harder stall recovery. | |
| **Q: Define: Gross weight, Ramp/Takeoff/Landing weight, Arm, Station, Moment.** | |
| A: Gross = max allowable; Ramp = before engine start; Takeoff = after taxi fuel burn; Landing = before touchdown; Arm = distance from datum; Station = location; Moment = weight × arm. | |
| **Q: Define: Basic/Standard/Empty Weight, Usable/Unusable Fuel, Useful Load, Payload.** | |
| A: Basic = aircraft + oil + unusable fuel; Standard = manufacturer’s published empty weight; Empty = includes optional equipment; Usable = fuel available; Useful Load = payload + usable fuel; Payload = passengers + baggage. | |
| **Q: What happens if you take off over max weight?** | |
| A: Longer takeoff roll, reduced climb, higher stall speed, structural stress. | |
| --- | |
| **Q: How long must you wait after drinking to fly? Max BAC? (FAR 91.17)** | |
| A: 8 hours bottle to throttle; max BAC = 0.04%. | |
| **Q: What must you be familiar with before flight? (NWKRAFT)** | |
| A: NOTAMs, Weather, Known delays, Runway lengths, Alternates, Fuel, Takeoff/Landing data. | |
| **Q: When must seatbelts be worn? (FAR 91.107)** | |
| A: During taxi, takeoff, and landing. PIC must brief passengers. | |
| **Q: Formation flying rules? (FAR 91.111)** | |
| A: Only with prior arrangement and not for hire. | |
| **Q: Who has right of way? (FAR 91.113)** | |
| A: Aircraft in distress, then balloons, gliders, airships, aircraft on right, lower aircraft when converging. | |
| **Q: Minimum safe altitudes? (FAR 91.119)** | |
| A: Congested: 1,000’ above, 2,000’ horizontal; Uncongested: 500’ AGL; Sparsely populated: 500’ from people/structures. | |
| **Q: Altimeter settings? (FAR 91.121)** | |
| A: Below 18,000’: set to local altimeter; Above 18,000’: set to 29.92. | |
| **Q: ATC light gun signals? (FAR 91.125)** | |
| A: Steady green = cleared to land/takeoff; Flashing red = taxi clear/runway unsafe; Alternating red/green = exercise extreme caution. | |
| --- | |
| **Q: Class G airspace? (FAR 91.126)** | |
| A: Uncontrolled; surface to 700’ or 1,200’ AGL. | |
| **Q: Class E airspace? (FAR 91.127)** | |
| A: Controlled; starts at 700’ or 1,200’ AGL up to 18,000’ MSL. | |
| **Q: Class D airspace? (FAR 91.129)** | |
| A: Towered; surface to 2,500’ AGL; 2-way radio required. | |
| **Q: Class C airspace? (FAR 91.130)** | |
| A: Surface to 4,000’ AGL; 2-way radio, Mode C transponder. | |
| **Q: Class B airspace? (FAR 91.131)** | |
| A: Surface to 10,000’ MSL; ATC clearance, Mode C, private or endorsed student pilot. | |
| **Q: Class A airspace? (FAR 91.135)** | |
| A: 18,000’ to FL600; IFR only; Mode C, ADS-B, instrument rating. | |
| **Q: What is a TFR? (FAR 91.137)** | |
| A: Temporary Flight Restriction; requires NOTAM review and ATC clearance. | |
| **Q: VFR fuel requirements? (FAR 91.151)** | |
| A: Day: 30 min reserve; Night: 45 min reserve. | |
| **Q: VFR flight plan info? (FAR 91.153)** | |
| A: Departure, route, destination, fuel, ETE, alternate. File via FSS or ForeFlight. ATC cannot open/close. | |
| **Q: VFR weather minimums? (FAR 91.155)** | |
| A: Class A: IFR only; B: 3 SM, clear of clouds; C/D/E below 10k: 3-152 rule; E above 10k: 5-111; G varies. | |
| **Q: Special VFR? (FAR 91.157)** | |
| A: 1 SM visibility, clear of clouds, ATC clearance, must be IFR rated at night. | |
| **Q: VFR cruising altitudes? (FAR 91.159)** | |
| A: 0–179° = odd +500’; 180–359° = even +500’ (above 3,000’ AGL). | |
| **Q: Day VFR equipment? (ATOMATOFLAMES)** | |
| A: Altimeter, Tachometer, Oil pressure, Manifold pressure, Airspeed, Temp gauge, Oil temp, Fuel gauge, Landing gear, Anti-collision, Magnetic compass, ELT, Seatbelts. | |
| **Q: Night VFR equipment? (FLAPS)** | |
| A: Fuses, Landing light, Anti-collision, Position lights, Source of power. | |
| **Q: ELT requirements? (FAR 91.207)** | |
| A: Every 12 months; replace after 1 hour use or 50 |
Created by:
bobbyleaders