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Chemistry
Grade 10: Chemical bonding
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chemical bond | A mutual attraction between two atoms resulting from the simultaneous attraction between their nuclei and the outer electrons. |
| Lewis dot diagram | A structural formula in which valence electrons are represented by dots or crosses. |
| Covalent bond | The sharing of electrons between atoms to form molecules. |
| Molecule | A group of two or more atoms that are covalently bonded and that functions as a unit. |
| Ionic bonding | The transfer of electrons to form cations (positive ions) and anions (negative ions) that attract each other to form a formula-unit. |
| Formula-unit | The most simple empirical formula that represents the compound. |
| Ion | A charged particle made from an atom by the loss or gain of electrons. |
| Anion (negative ion) | A charged particle made from an atom by the gain of electrons |
| Cation (positive ion) | A charged particle made from an atom by the loss of electrons. |
| A crystal lattice | An orderly three-dimensional arrangement of particles (ions, molecules or atoms) in a solid structure. |
| Metallic bonding | The bond between positive ions and delocalised valence electrons in a metal. |
| Valence electrons | Outer electrons in the highest energy level of an atom in which there are electrons. |