The number of protons in an atom of an element.

Atoms of the same element having the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons.

The mass of a particle on a scale where an atom of carbon 12 has a mass of 12.

No pairing in p orbitals before there is not at least one electron in each of them.

Pauli's Exclusion Principle

Maximum of two electrons per orbital provided that they spin in opposite directions.

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Chemistry

Grade 10: Atomic Structure

Term	Definition
Atomic number	The number of protons in an atom of an element.
Isotopes	Atoms of the same element having the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons.
Relative atomic mass	The mass of a particle on a scale where an atom of carbon 12 has a mass of 12.
Hund's rule	No pairing in p orbitals before there is not at least one electron in each of them.
Pauli's Exclusion Principle	Maximum of two electrons per orbital provided that they spin in opposite directions.