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Chemistry

Grade 10: State of matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory

TermDefinition
Diffusion The movement of atoms or molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Brownian motion The random movement of microscopic particles suspended in a liquid or gas, caused by collisions between these particles and the molecules of the liquid or gas.
Boiling point The temperature of a liquid at which its vapour pressure equals the external (atmospheric) pressure.
Melting point The temperature at which a solid, given sufficient heat, becomes a liquid.
Freezing point The temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid by the removal of heat.
Melting The process during which a solid changes to a liquid by the application of heat.
Evaporation The change of a liquid into a vapour at any temperature below the boiling point.
Freezing The process during which a liquid changes to a solid by the removal of heat.
Sublimation The process during which a solid changes directly into a gas without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.
Condensation The process during which a gas or vapour changes to a liquid, either by cooling or by being subjected to increased pressure.
Kinetic Molecular Theory (1) Matter consists of small particles. The particles are in constant motion. There are forces of attraction between the particles.
Kinetic Molecular Theory (2) Particles collide (with the sides of the container and each other) and exert pressure. The temperature of a substance is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles. A phase change may occur when the energy of particles changes.
Created by: StiKManLabs
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