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US Hist Chs. 8-10
French & Indian War/Revolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The French and Indian War was just a part of a larger conflict known as: | The Seven Years War |
| The central conflict of the French and Indian War centered upon disputed territory known as: | The Ohio River Valley |
| This measure was taken by the French in an effort to secure land in the disputed Ohio River Valley | They constructed forts |
| Identify two advantages held by the French in the French and Indian War | The French had solid knowledge of the terrain and strong alliances with the Native American population |
| Identify two advantages of the English over the French in the French and Indian War | The English had experienced, seasoned military leadership, with substantial military equipment |
| What mistake plagued the British in the beginning of the French and Indian War? | They were unfamiliar with the terrain. Their advance was made known to the enemy by their fifes, drums and the axe men that cleared paths through the woods. All of this made them susceptible to ambush. |
| Describe Braddock's epic failure as he approached Fort Duquesne in the summer of 1755. | Braddock's large force of men advanced with a loud racket of fifes and drums, alerting the enemy and were ambushed from all sides. Unable to organize his men, Braddock himself was shot off his horse and died along with many of his men, the wounded scalped |
| Identify and describe the decisive battle that led to English victory in the French and Indian War. | The Battle for Quebec. The fort was poised above a steep cliff overlooking the St. Lawrence. British ships came in the night. Soldiers surprised the French. They quietly scaled the cliffs, assembling themselves on the Plains of Abraham, ready for battle |
| Which officers were killed in the Battle for Quebec? | General Montcalm (French) and General Wolfe (English) |
| What well-known British artist immortalized the death of General Wolfe in one of the most famous historic paintings of all time | Benjamin West |
| What years spanned the French and Indian War? | 1754-1763 |
| What did the English gain at the war's conclusion? | All of the territory occupied by the French, EXCEPT two islands that remain under French control to this day. |
| What two fishing islands were retained by the French as part of the Treaty of Paris (1763)? Where are they located? | Miquelon and Saint Pierre are located off the southern coast of Newfoundland (Canadian Province of Newfoundland and Labrador) |
| Who was king of England as tensions rose between the colonists and the British, culminating in a bloody revolution? | George III |
| How was Britain's leadership compromised during his reign? | Probably due to intermarrying within the royal family, George III suffered from porphyria, which caused him to withdraw from leadership on occasion. He had temporary bouts with insanity. |
| What was the Proclamation Line? | In 1763, a boarder defined by the Appalachian Mountains across which no colonists were permitted to claim land or conduct business |
| Identify two reasons for the Proclamation Line | Britain wanted time to claim the land in an orderly fashion and appoint governors; British wanted time to organize new trade routes; British wanted to create a homeland for Native Americans |
| Why were the colonists angry about the Proclamation Line? | They felt the blood and sweat they shed to defend America from the French earned them the right to claim any land they wanted |
| What was the Stamp Act of 1765? | Tax initiated by Britain in which all paper goods (newspapers, legal documents, even playing cards) had to be taxed |
| Explain, "taxation without representation is tyranny," words of protest attributed to patriot, James Otis | Otis was referring to newly introduced policies by the British Parliament whereby residents of America were expected to pay taxes without actually having a single representative in parliament. This was seen as unjust, even "tyrannical." |
| Who were the loyalists? | Colonists aligned with the British cause |
| Who were the Sons of Liberty? | This was a secret organization of patriots that monitored British activity and planned acts of opposition against them |
| When was the Boston Massacre? | March 5, 1770 |
| Describe the tragedy that occurred in Boston on March 5, 1770 | A highly charged atmosphere in Boston, aggravated by the presence of occupying British troops led to violence. Colonists taunting British soldiers became victims of a shooting. British Captain Thomas Preston claimed his men heard the word, "fire"... |
| Describe the circumstances surrounding the melee that occurred at Lexington and then at Concord | Word came to the Sons of Liberty that British troops were planning to confiscate arms from the arsenal at Lexington. Armed Patriots arrived to confront them. A shot was fired (no one knows which side) and the Revolution began. Several colonists were... |
| When did the violence at Lexington and Concord take place? | April 19, 1775 |
Created by:
Ediot