Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Stack #4566785
praticle 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Pyramidal Cells | Axons travel through white matter as projection, commissural, or association fibers |
| Fusiform Cells | Spindle shaped output cells of cerebral cortex, projecting mainly to the thalamus |
| Stellate/ Granule Cells | Remain within cortex, and serve as interneurons |
| surgical procedures to cut through the corpus callosum and disconnect the cerebral hemisphere. “split brain” | Callosotomy: |
| Connect cortical regions within one hemisphere | Association Fibers: |
| ecrease in the amount and speed of voluntary and autonomic movements. | hypokinetic disorder |
| Abnormal, excessive movements | hyperkinetic disorders |
| Nuclei part of limbic system; interprets facial expressions, body language and social signals and is essential for social behavior. | amygdala |
| Hippocampus | memory processing and storage; retrieval of memories and information |
| projection fibers | extend from the subcortical structures to the cerebral cortex |
| basal nuclei | clusters of neuron cell bodies that fine tune and provide control for voluntary movements |
| the basal nuclei are separated by the | internal capsule |
| declarative | recollections that can be easily verbalized |
| emotional | remembering feelings and memory |
| procedural | recall of skills and habits |
| vestibular | head position |
| visual | intensity of light, shape, size and location |
| somatosensory | shape, textures of objects |
| inability to recognize objects when using a sense | agnosia |
| inability to identify object by touch | astereognosis |
| inability to identify objects in contralateral visual field | visual agnosia |
| Language comprehension is impaired. | Wernicke’s aphasia |
| individuals who known what they want to say but cant | broacs aphasia |
| brocas area | motor programming of speech |
| inability and excute movments and tasks previously known, strokes, and tumors | apraxia |
| Main functions of the spinal cord | To convey information between neurons connecting the peripheral structures to the brain and To process information in some cases |
| Spinal cord is a continuous structure that starts from the | foramen magnum and terminates in L1 and L2 intervertebral column |
| how many pairs of spinal nerves are in the spinal cord | 31 pairs |
| The outermost protective membrane of brain and spinal cord made up of connective tissue | Meninges: |
| The outermost tough protective layer. | Dura Mater |
| The space between the dura mater and the vertebral column. It is filled up with adipose tissue that provides cushioning and a network of blood vessels | the epidural space |
| The space between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater | subdural space |
| The middle layer. Spider web-like appearance. | arachnoid mater |
| The space between the arachnoid and pia mater. It is filled with Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) | subarachnoid space |
| The innermost thin protective layer. It is tightly attached and almost fused with the spinal cord | pia mater |
| Extracts a sample of cerebrospinal fluid from below the ending of the spinal cord; L3-L4 or L4-L5 | lumbar puncture |
| Central Gray matter: | located centrally has a butterfly or ‘H’ shape |
| why does the central gray matter look grey? | due to the presence of somas (neuron cell bodies) and non- myelinated axons of neuronal cells as well as dendrites, synapses, neuroglia |
| Dorsal horns: process | sensory information |
| lateral horns process | autonomic information |
| ventral horns process | motor information |
| Peripheral White matter: It is located in | The periphery surrounding the gray matter. It appears white due to the presence of myelinated axons |
| A centrally located canal that is continuous with the ventricles of the brain and allows the flow of CSF in the spinal region. | central canal |
| Carries both motor and sensory axons for a single spinal segment | spinal nerve |
| Briefly join to form spinal nerves | the dorsal and ventral roots |
| Dorsal Root Enlargement of the dorsal root is the | dorsal root ganglion |
| These spinal nerves exit the vertebral column and divide into dorsal and ventral rami (ramus) that communicates with the peripheral regions | the ventral root |
| A bundle of axons with the same origin and a common termination | spinal tracts |
| Descending Tracts: | motor information from the brain to the effectors |
| ascending tracts | convey sensory information from cutaneous receptors, proprioceptors, and visceral receptors |
| Spinal reflexes are | rapid, preprogrammed, involuntary responses to a stimulus |
| The simplest, most rapid reflex only involves | 1 sensory neuron synapsing to 1 motor neuron. |
| Examples of a monosynaptic reflex are the | patellar reflex (knee jerk) |
| The withdrawal reflex is a spinal reflex intended to protect the body from | damaging stimuli by removing the body part from the source of potential damage |
| the spinal reflex rapidly coordinates the contractions of all the | flexor muscles and the relaxations of the extensors in that limb causing sudden withdrawal from the potentially damaging stimulus. |
Created by:
ecoesfeldd