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162 e3: G2 checkpt.

QuestionAnswer
Goal of the G2 Checkpoint To Activate Mitosis Promoting Factor (MPF). (It also checks that all DNA is replicated and undamaged before proceeding).
What is Mitosis Promoting Factor (MPF) The active complex of Active CDK1 / Cyclin B.
CDK1 The Cyclin Dependant Kinase (the main enzyme for Mitosis).
Cyclin B The Protein coenzyme for CDK1. (Its concentration increases in G2 to start the process).
WEE1 A CDK1 Kinase that adds an inhibitory (or "brake") phosphate to CDK1, keeping it inactive.
CDC 25 A phosphatase that removes the inhibitory phosphate (from WEE1) to help activate CDK1.
CAK Cyclin activating Kinase that adds an activating (or "go") phosphate to CDK1.
What is the state of CDK1 during G1 and S? CDK1 is inactive.
How is CDK1 kept inactive before Mitosis? WEE1 has phosphorylated CDK1 (it adds the inhibitory phosphate).
What is the "switch" that finally activates MPF CDK1 + Cyclin B activate CAK & CDC 25.
Describe the final activation step CDC 25 (phosphatase) removes the inhibitory phosphate from WEE1. CAK (kinase) adds the activating phosphate. This creates Active MPF.
What is the primary function of Active MPF? It promotes Prophase by phosphorylating (adding phosphates to) many target proteins.
How does MPF cause Nuclear envelope Degradation By phosphorylating nuclear lamins (the proteins that support the envelope).
How does MPF cause Chromosome Condensation? By phosphorylating condensin proteins.
What other process does MPF promote Mitotic spindle formation.
What process does Active MPF prevent? It prevents cytokinesis (the cell cannot divide until MPF is later destroyed).
Created by: user-1999447
 

 



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