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pharmacology 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| father of botany | Greek physician Theophrastus |
| Dioscorides | Gree kphysician,described medicinal plants |
| Pharmacognosy | study of natural origin of drugs |
| synthetic drugs | chemical modification of natural drugs manufactured / via bioengineering |
| pharmacology | the study of drugs on humans and animals -property of drugs -mechanism -anatomy/physiology/pathology |
| pure food and drug act 1906 | sets standards for allowing new drugs onto market •Firs tsignificant legislation •Protect the public from harmful and ineffective drugs. |
| phase 1 clinical study | drug administerd to small group of healthy volunteers |
| phase 2 clinical study | controlled trials with patients who have condition to be treated |
| phase 3 clinical study | hundred to a few thousand patients are researched |
| prescription drugs user fees act 1992 | act to pay fee to USD for faster review s |
| food and drug amendments act 2007 | set guidelines for postmarket clinical studied - significantly expanded the FDA's authority to regulate drug and medical device safety, reauthorized user fee programs, and enhanced post-market safety measures. |
| Therapeutic Products Directorate (TPD) | approves prescription drugs |
| Marketed Health Products Directorate | responsible for post market saftey |
| CenterforDrugEvaluationandResearch(CDER) | sets standards for new names - Drug evaluation, approval, and monitoring |
| US Adopted Name (USAN) Counsil | selects non-proprietary name must be approved by FDA creates and approves generic drug names. |
| How long is patent protection | 20 years beginning when patent is issued |
| Generic drugs | when patent years end manufacturers produce this version -contains same active ingredients different inactive ingredients less expensive then brand name |
| Durham-Humphrey Amendment (1951) | legislation that established two classes of meds: prescription/legend drugs and OTC |
| behind the counter drugs | Transition between legend and OTC status: No prescription required, but access is limited. |
| - Drug Price Competition and Patent Restoration Act (1984) | act that encouraged the development of generic drugs |
| Kefauver-Harris Amendment(1962) | amendment that requires drugs to be safe and effective |
| Combat Methamphetamine Act of 2005(CMEA) | • To combat illegal manufacture of "crystal meth" • Regulates retail sales of methamphetamine ingredients |
| Subcutaneous | Under the skin. |
| Intraarticular s | joint inj |
| intadermal i | injections administered into the dermis |
| Intrathecal | inj into spinal canal |
| •Metered-doseaerosol inhaler | Ventolin |
| Drypowder inhaler | advair diskus and symbicort |
| Nebulizer | a medical device that converts liquid medication into a mist, allowing for easier inhalation into the lungs - used for respiratory conditions such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, and COPD. |
| how is route of drug adminitration determined? | by drug dosage form |
| Local effects | confined to a specific area of the body, ex topicals |
| systemic effects | impact the entire body or multiple organ systems. ex patches |
| Enteral | oral administration |
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