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Waves
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| wave | a rhythmic disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another |
| rest position | the "middle" of the wave (a straight line cutting the wave into top and bottom halves) |
| trough | the lowest point of a transverse wave |
| crest | the highest point of a transverse wave |
| amplitude | the distance from the rest position to the crest (or trough) of a wave |
| wavelength | the length of one cycle of the wave, measured from crest to crest (or trough to trough) in a transverse wave or compression to compression in a longitudinal wave |
| frequency | the number of waves that pass a single point in one second |
| transverse wave | a wave in which the medium moves at right angles to the direction of the wave (perpendicular) |
| longitudinal wave | a wave that occurs when matter vibrates in the same direction as the wave travels |
| medium | Material through which a wave travels |
| compression | The part of a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are pressed together. |
| rarefaction | a part in a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread apart |
| Sound Waves | a longitudinal wave consisting of compressions and rarefactions, which travels through a medium |
| ultrasonic sound | sounds over 20,000 Hertz |
| infrasonic sound | sounds below 20 Hz |
| electromagnetic waves | transverse waves that require no medium for them to travel from one place to another. |
| radio waves | Electromagnetic waves with the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies/energy |
| visible light | Electromagnetic waves that can be seen with the unaided eye; is the narrowest band of frequencies |
| gamma rays | Electromagnetic waves with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies/danger |
| reflection | When light hits a reflective surface, it bounces off at the exact opposite angle it hits. |
| Absorption | Waves are absorbed by some objects. A truly black object absorbs all light. |
| transmission | happens when a wave travels through an object |
| transparent | Allowing all light to pass through; the object absorbs and reflects very little |
| translucent | Allowing some light to pass through |
| opaque | no light passes through, the object absorbs and/or reflects all light |
| Refraction | The bending of a wave as a result of a wave changing speed as it passes from one medium to another |
| Diffraction | a wave bends because it goes past a barrier |
| mirror | smooth surfaces that reflect light to form images |
| concave | lens/mirrors that are bent inwards |
| convex | lens/mirrors that are curved outwards |
| resonance | the tendency of a system to vibrate at maximum amplitude at certain frequencies |
| Two Classifications of a SOUND WAVE | longitudinal and mechanical |
| Two Classifications of a LIGHT WAVE | transverse and electromagnetic |
| Effect of a concave mirror | Mirror that magnifies an image when close. Image is smaller and inverted if the object is farther away. |
| Effect of a convex mirror | Mirror that makes the image appear smaller. |
| Effect of a concave lens | A lens that makes objects that appear smaller. |
| Effect of a convex lens | A lens that makes an object appear larger (magnifies) if close. Objects appear smaller and flipped if further away. |
Created by:
user-1975441