Functions of the Muscular System

Hold body parts in position and make movement possible, protect internal organs, produce 85% of body heat, move food through the digestive system, aid blood flow through veins, assist movement of fluids through ducts and vessels.

Voluntary, striated muscle attached to bones that moves the skeleton under conscious control.

Involuntary, non-striated muscle found in internal organs that moves substances through body systems by peristalsis.

Involuntary, striated, branched muscle found only in the heart that pumps blood through the body.

Muscles that move under conscious control such as skeletal muscles.

Muscles that move without conscious control such as cardiac and smooth muscles.

Ability of muscle tissue to contract without nerve stimulation, seen in cardiac and smooth muscles.

Ability of muscle tissue to shorten or contract when stimulated.

Ability of muscle tissue to return to its resting length after being stretched.

Excitability (Irritability)

Ability of muscle tissue to respond to a nerve impulse by contracting.

Ability of muscle tissue to be stretched.

Muscle attachment site that does not move during contraction.

Muscle attachment site that moves during contraction.

Fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone.

Fibrous connective tissue that connects bone to bone.

Fibrous tissue that encloses muscles and groups of muscles and binds them into functional groups.

Connective tissue surrounding each individual muscle fiber.

Connective tissue that surrounds bundles of muscle fibers called fascicles.

Connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle.

Agonist (Prime Mover)

Muscle responsible for primary movement.

Muscle that works in opposition to the prime mover.

Example of Agonist/Antagonist Pair

Biceps (agonist) flexes the arm while triceps (antagonist) relaxes

Involuntary movement that pushes contents through the digestive and urinary tracts.

Tendon connecting the gastrocnemius muscle to the calcaneus or heel bone.

Percent of Body Weight from Muscles

40 to 45 percent of total body weight.

Percent of Body Heat Produced by Muscles

85 percent of body heat comes from muscle contractions.

More than 30 muscles used to create facial expressions.

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chp 5 anat/physio

Question	Answer
Functions of the Muscular System	Hold body parts in position and make movement possible, protect internal organs, produce 85% of body heat, move food through the digestive system, aid blood flow through veins, assist movement of fluids through ducts and vessels.
Skeletal Muscle	Voluntary, striated muscle attached to bones that moves the skeleton under conscious control.
Smooth Muscle	Involuntary, non-striated muscle found in internal organs that moves substances through body systems by peristalsis.
Cardiac Muscle	Involuntary, striated, branched muscle found only in the heart that pumps blood through the body.
Voluntary Muscles	Muscles that move under conscious control such as skeletal muscles.
Involuntary Muscles	Muscles that move without conscious control such as cardiac and smooth muscles.
Automaticity	Ability of muscle tissue to contract without nerve stimulation, seen in cardiac and smooth muscles.
Contractility	Ability of muscle tissue to shorten or contract when stimulated.
Elasticity	Ability of muscle tissue to return to its resting length after being stretched.
Excitability (Irritability)	Ability of muscle tissue to respond to a nerve impulse by contracting.
Extensibility	Ability of muscle tissue to be stretched.
Origin	Muscle attachment site that does not move during contraction.
Insertion	Muscle attachment site that moves during contraction.
Tendon	Fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone.
Ligament	Fibrous connective tissue that connects bone to bone.
Fascia	Fibrous tissue that encloses muscles and groups of muscles and binds them into functional groups.
Endomysium	Connective tissue surrounding each individual muscle fiber.
Perimysium	Connective tissue that surrounds bundles of muscle fibers called fascicles.
Epimysium	Connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle.
Agonist (Prime Mover)	Muscle responsible for primary movement.
Antagonist	Muscle that works in opposition to the prime mover.
Example of Agonist/Antagonist Pair	Biceps (agonist) flexes the arm while triceps (antagonist) relaxes
Peristalsis	Involuntary movement that pushes contents through the digestive and urinary tracts.
Achilles Tendon	Tendon connecting the gastrocnemius muscle to the calcaneus or heel bone.
Percent of Body Weight from Muscles	40 to 45 percent of total body weight.
Number of Muscles in the Body	Over 630 muscles.
Percent of Body Heat Produced by Muscles	85 percent of body heat comes from muscle contractions.
Facial Muscles	More than 30 muscles used to create facial expressions.

Created by: ush

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