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Unit 4 RQ
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Figure 11.7 Do you think genetic drift would happen more quickly on an island or on the mainland? | Genetic drift will happen more quickly on an island because of the smaller population there that will make mutations faster. |
| Which scientific concept did Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace independently discover? | b. natural selection |
| Which of the following situations will lead to natural selection? | d. All of the above |
| What is the difference between micro- and macroevolution? | c. Microevolution describes the evolution of populations, while macroevolution describes the emergence of new species over long periods of time |
| Population genetics is the study of ________. | a. how allele frequencies in a population change over time |
| Galapagos medium ground finches are found on Santa Cruz and San Cristobal islands. Occasionally, individuals from either island fly to the other island. This can alter the allele frequencies of the population through what mechanisms? | c. Gene flow |
| In which of the following pairs do both evolutionary processes introduce new genetic variation into a population? | b. Mutation and Gene flow |
| The wing of a bird and the arm of a human are examples of ________. | c. Homologous structure |
| The fact that DNA sequences are more similar in more closely related organisms is evidence of what? | d. descent with modifications |
| Which situation would most likely lead to allopatric speciation? | a. A flood causes the formation of a new lake. |
| Which variable increases the likelihood of allopatric speciation taking place more quickly? | b. longer distance between divided groups |
| The word “theory” in theory of evolution is best replaced by ________. | a. fact |
| Why are alternative scientific theories to evolution not taught in public school? | b. there are no viable scientific alternatives |
| Figure 12.3 In what levels are cats and dogs considered to be part of the same group? | They are in the same class and same phylum. |
| Figure 12.8 Which animals in this figure belong to a clade that includes animals with hair? Which evolved first: hair or the amniotic egg? | The clade with animals with hair is called Mammalia, and the amniotic egg evolved first. |
| What is a phylogeny a description of? | c. evolutionary history |
| What do scientists in the field of systematics accomplish? | b. organize and classify organisms |
| Which statement about the taxonomic classification system is correct? | d. Species are the most specific category of classification. |
| Which best describes the relationship between chimpanzees and humans? | c. chimpanzees and humans evolved from a common ancestor |
| Which best describes a branch point in a phylogenetic tree? | b. new lineage |
| Which statement about analogies is correct? | c. They are derived by response to similar environmental pressures. |
| What kind of trait is important to cladistics? | a. shared derived traits |
| What is true about organisms that are a part of the same clade? | b. They evolved from a shared ancestor. |
| Which assumption of cladistics is stated incorrectly? | b. Speciation can produce one, two, or three new species. |
| A monophyletic group is a ________. | d. clade |
| Figure 13.6 Which of the following statements is true? | a. Gram-positive bacteria have a single cell wall formed from peptidoglycan. |
| The first forms of life on Earth were thought to be _______. | b. Prokaryotes |
| The first organisms that oxygenated the atmosphere were _______. | a. Cyanobacteria |
| Which of the following consist of prokaryotic cells? | d. Bacteria and archaea |
| Prokaryotes stain as Gram-positive or Gram-negative because of differences in the _______. | a. Cell wall |
| Prokaryotes that obtain their energy from chemical compounds are called _____. | c. Chemotrophs |
| Bioremediation includes _____. | b. The use of prokaryotes to clean up pollutants |
| What event is thought to have contributed to the evolution of eukaryotes? | d. Oxygenation of the atmosphere |
| Mitochondria most likely evolved from _____________. | c. Aerobic bacteria |
| Protists with the capabilities to absorb nutrients from dead organisms are called _____________. | c. Saprobes |
| Which parasitic protist evades the host immune system by altering its surface proteins with each generation? | b. Trypanosoma brucei |
| Which polysaccharide is usually found in the cell walls of fungi? | c. Chitin |
| What term describes the close association of a fungus with the root of a tree? | c. A mycorrhiza |
| Explain the reason why the imprudent and excessive use of antibiotics has resulted in a major global problem. | Overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to the evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. |
| How does killing Anopheles mosquitoes affect the Plasmodium protists? | Killing Anopheles mosquitoes interrupts the life cycle of Plasmodium because the parasite requires mosquitoes to reproduce and transmit malaria to new hosts. |
| Without treatment, why does African sleeping sickness invariably lead to death? | Trypanosoma brucei infects the central nervous system, causing severe neurological damage, coma, and death if untreated. |
| Figure 14.19 At what stage does the diploid zygote form? | b. When the sperm nucleus and the egg nucleus fuse |
| The land plants are probably descendants of which of these groups? | a. Green algae |
| The event that leads from the haploid stage to the diploid stage in alternation of generations is ________. | c. Fertilization |
| Moss is an example of which type of plant? | a. Haplontic plant |
| Why do mosses grow well in the Arctic tundra? | c. They do not have true roots and can grow on hard surfaces. |
| Which is the most diverse group of seedless vascular plants? | d. The ferns |
| Which group are vascular plants? | d. Ferns |
| Which of the following traits characterizes gymnosperms? | a. The plants carry exposed seeds on modified leaves. |
| What adaptation do seed plants have in addition to the seed that is not found in seedless plants? | c. Pollen |
| Pollen grains develop in which structure? | a. The anther |
| Corn develops from a seedling with a single cotyledon, displays parallel veins on its leaves, and produces monosulcate pollen. It is most likely: | b. A monocot |
| How did the development of a vascular system contribute to the increase in size of plants? | The vascular system allowed plants to transport water and food, grow taller, and access more sunlight. |
| What are the four modern-day groups of gymnosperms? | Conifers, cycads, ginkgophytes, and gnetophytes |
| Figure 15.3 Which of the following statements is false? | b. Both acoelomates and pseudocoelomates have a body cavity. |
| Figure 15.24 Which of the following statements about the anatomy of a mollusk is false? | d. The mantle cavity contains hemolymph. |
| Figure 15.33 Which of the following statements about common features of chordates is true? | a. The dorsal hollow nerve cord is part of the chordate central nervous system. |
| Which of the following is not a feature common to most animals? | b. asexual reproduction |
| Which of the following does not occur? | b. diploblastic eucoelomate |
| The large central opening in the poriferan body is called the _____. | d. osculum |
| Cnidocytes are found in _____. | d. phylum Cnidaria |
| Cubozoans are ________. | b. medusoids |
| Which group of flatworms are primarily external parasites of fish? | a. monogeneans |
| Crustaceans are _____. | a. ecdysozoans |
| A mantle and mantle cavity are present in _____. | b. class Bivalvia |
| Annelids have a _____. | b. a true coelom |
| Echinoderms in their larval state have _____. | d. bilateral symmetry |
| The circulatory fluid in echinoderms is _____. | c. water |
| Which of the following is not a member of the phylum Chordata? | b. Echinodermata |
| Members of Chondrichthyes differ from members of Osteichthyes by having a ________. | c. cartilaginous skeleton |
| Squamata includes _____. | d. lizards and snakes |
| Sudoriferous glands produce ________. | a. sweat |
| Which of the following is a Monotreme? | d. platypus |
Created by:
Erista