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Life Sci Ch.13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anaerobic | Organisms that grow without oxygen. |
| Ascomycota (sac fungi) | A division of fungi that store spores in a sac called an ascus. |
| Basidiomycota (club fungi) | A division of fungi that produce club-shaped structures, basidia, which contain spores. |
| Biofilm | A microbial community held together in a gummy-textured matrix, consisting primarily of polysaccharides secreted by the organisms, together with some proteins and nucleic acids. |
| Black Death | A devastating pandemic that is believed to have been an outbreak of bubonic plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. |
| Botulism | A disease produced by the toxin of the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum. |
| Commensalism | A symbiotic relationship in which one member benefits while the other member is not affected. |
| Conjugation | The process by which prokaryotes move DNA from one individual to another using a pilus. |
| Deuteromycota | A division of fungi that do not have a known sexual reproductive cycle (presently members of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota). |
| Endosymbiosis | The engulfment of one cell by another such that the engulfed cell survives and both cells benefit; the process responsible for the evolution of mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotes. |
| Epidemic | A disease that occurs in an unusually high number of individuals in a population at the same time. |
| Foodborne Disease | Any illness resulting from the consumption of contaminated food or the pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or other parasites that contaminate food. |
| Gram-negative | Bacteria that have a thinner cell wall composed of a few layers of peptidoglycan and additional structures, surrounded by an outer membrane. |
| Gram-positive | Bacteria that have a thick wall consisting of many layers of peptidoglycan. |
| Hydrothermal Vent | A fissure in Earth’s surface that releases geothermally heated water. |
| Hypha | A fungal filament composed of one or more cells. |
| Lichen | The close association of a fungus with a photosynthetic alga or bacterium that benefits both partners. |
| Mold | A tangle of visible mycelia with a fuzzy appearance. |
| MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) | A very dangerous Staphylococcus aureus strain resistant to antibiotics. |
| Mycelium | A mass of fungal hyphae. |
| Pandemic | A widespread, usually worldwide, epidemic disease. |
| Parasite | An organism that lives on or in another organism and feeds on it, often without killing it. |
| Pathogen | An organism or infectious agent that causes a disease. |
| Yeast | A general term used to describe unicellular fungi. |
| Zygomycota (conjugated fungi) | The division of fungi that form a zygote contained in a zygospore. |
Created by:
Erista