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Life Sci 11,12

TermDefinition
Adaptation A heritable trait that aids the survival and reproduction of an organism in its present environment.
Allopatric Speciation Geographic separation of populations from a parent species and subsequent evolution.
Analogous Structure Similar in function and appearance, but do not share an origin in a common ancestor.
Dispersal A few members of a species move to a new geographical area.
Divergent Evolution When two species evolve in different directions from a common point.
Genetic Drift The effect of chance on a population’s gene pool.
Homologous Structure Structures that share similarities despite their differences resulting from evolutionary divergence.
Macroevolution The processes that gave rise to new species and higher taxonomic groups with widely divergent characters.
Microevolution The gradual change of a population over time.
Migration The movement of individuals of a population to a new location.
Natural Selection Offspring with inherited characteristics that allow them to best compete for limited resources will survive and have more offspring; over generations, these traits become more common, leading to changes in populations.
Speciation Formation of two species from one original species.
Vestigial Structure Unused structures without function.
Binomial Nomenclature A system that gives each species a two-part scientific name (genus and species).
Clade A group of taxa with the same set of shared derived characters, including an ancestral species and all its descendants.
Cladistics A method used to organize homologous traits to describe phylogenies using common descent as the primary criterion used to classify organisms.
Class The category in the taxonomic classification system that falls within phylum and includes orders.
Domain The highest level of classification.
Family The category in the taxonomic classification system that falls within order and includes genera.
Genus The category in the taxonomic classification system that falls within family and includes species.
Kingdom A large classification group that includes phyla.
Order A group that contains families and falls within class.
Phylogenetic Tree A diagram used to reflect the evolutionary relationships between organisms or groups of organisms.
Phylogeny The study of the evolutionary history and relationships among organisms.
Phylum The category in the taxonomic classification system that falls within kingdom and includes classes.
Species The most specific classification group.
Systematics The science of determining the evolutionary relationships of organisms.
Taxon A single level in the taxonomic classification system.
Taxonomy The science of classifying organisms.
Created by: Erista
 

 



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