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Ch 4 gov quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| pork barrel spending | allocation of funds to projects within districts or states |
| logrolling | exchanging votes or support between legislators, where one politician agrees to vote for another's bill in return for support on their own. |
| oversight | Ability of Congress to ensure laws are being followed with original intention or to investigate members of executive branch & the bureaucracy |
| bureaucracy | government agencies that implement laws |
| apportionment | distributing house seats based on population |
| franking privilege | free use of mail for communications with constituents |
| casework | the personalized services Members of Congress and their staff provide to constituents—citizens or residents—who are experiencing problems with federal agencies. |
| whip majority/minority | collects information about how individual members are planning to vote, corralling their support on key votes and setting party strategy in Congress Assists the majority/minority leader House |
| congressional committees | review bills and divide legislative work |
| what can committees do to take action on a bill | amend, approve or reject it |
| committee chair | leads committee, sets its agenda |
| standing commitees | Permanent committees that handle specific policy areas |
| joint committees | committees with Members of both chambers |
| conference commitees | resolve differences between house and Senate bills |
| select committees | Temporary committees, normally for investigations |
| gridlock | congress can't pass laws due to division |
| 3 main ways government spends its money | interest on it debt, discretionary and mandatory |
| delegate | vote how constituents want |
| trustee | vote with own judgment |
| politico | vote how constituents want vote with own judgment mix of both |
| How a Bill Becomes a Law | introduced → committee → floor vote → both chambers (debate/resolve differences) → President |
| Why does the Senate allow filibusters? | -an established internal rule rooted in the tradition of unlimited debate, not a constitutional requirement, -a tool to protect the minority party's voice, encourage compromise, and act as a check against the majority |
| political action committee (PAC) | an organization that raises money for candidates and campaigns |
| committee of the whole | consists of all members of the house and is governed by more relaxed rules, making it easier to consider complex and controversial legislature |
| hold | a delay places on legislation by a senator who objects to a bill |
| discharge petition | forces a bill out of committee for a vote |
| house rules commitee | sets terms for debate on bills |
| unanimous consent agreement | an agreement in the Senate on how to debate a bill |
| filibuster | a tactic through which an individual senator may use the right of unlimited debate to delay a motion of postpone action on a piece of legislation |
| cloture | a vote (60 senators) to end a filibuster |
| veto | the power of a president to reject a bill passed by congress, sending it back to the originating branch with objections |
| why did the framers make lawmaking difficult | prevent majority tyranny, protect minority rights |
| office of management and budget (OMB) | the executive branch office that assist the president in creating the federal budget |
| entitlement program | a program that provides benefits for those who qualify under the law regardless of income |
| steps of budgeting process | 1. president proposes a budget 2. Congress modifies 3. approved budget |
| substantive vs descriptive representation | descriptive- looks like constituents substantive- acts in their interests |
| lame duck period | period at the end of a presidential term when Congress may block presidential initiatives and nominees |
| constituency | A body of voters a representative serves |
| redistricting | States redrawing of boundaries of electoral districts following each census |
| gerrymandering | redistricting to benefit a certain group of voters |
| partisan gerrymandering | Drawing of district boundaries into strange shapes to benefit a political party |
| factors impacting congressional elections | incumbency, funding, district demographics |
| describe members of house | closer to people, shorter terms, more formal rules 2 yr term |
| majority minority district | a district in which a minority group makes up the majority |
| malaportionment | the uneven distribution of the population among legislative districts |
| describe senate membrs | 6yr term longer terms, represent entire state, more flexible rules goal is to be more insulated from voters preference |
| discretionary spending | spending decided annually by congress |
| budget surplus what is it opposite of | when the government takes in more then it spends (opposite of budget deficit) |
| mandatory spending | spending required by existing laws, is locked in the budget |
| how are demographic changes in America impacting entitlement spending/ what can Congress do to deal with this? | more people are getting mandatory benefits (retiring sooner, longer life expectancy etc) congress could reduce benefits/eligibility/ increase revenue/ taxes |
| bipartisanship | agreement between the parties to work together in congress to pass legislation |
| factors that influence how a member of congress voted | interests of their constituents, how members of their party vote, input from members of Congress, interest groups, president may try to persuade them |
Created by:
Lilyhowes