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biology test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cytoplasm | The entire contents of the cell except the nucleus and bounded by the cell membrane. |
| Mitochondria | Organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration to create ATP. |
| Nucleolus | specialized structure in the nucleus where the assembly of ribosomes begins. |
| Chloroplast | An organelle found only in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water. |
| Nucleus | the chromosome containing organelle of a eukaryotic cell. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | An extensive membranous network in eukaryotic cells, continuous with the outer nuclear membrane and composed of ribosome-studded rough and ribosome-free smooth regions. |
| Lysosome | A membrane enclosed bag of hydrolytic enzymes for breaking things down it is found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. |
| Cell/Plasma Membrane | The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier, regulating what enters and exits the cell. |
| Ribosome | An organelle found in all cells that synthesise that create proteins it is found free floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the Rough E.R |
| Eukaryote | Organisms whose cells contain membrane bound organelles and whose DNA is enclosed in a cell nucleus and is associated with proteins. Plants & animals have eukaryotic cells. |
| Prokaryote | unicellular organism that lacks a membrane bound nucleus mitochondria or any other membrane bound organelle. |
| Organelle | A specialized cellular part such as a nucleus mitochondria chloroplast or ribosome that has a specific function: little organ. |
| Centriole & Spindle Fibers | Organelles found in animal cells. They’re made of cylinders of microtubules and aid during cell division. Centrioles produce spindle fibers. These protein structures pull chromosomes apart during cell division. |
| Cell wall | A protective layer external to the plasma membrane in plant cells, bacteria, fungi, and some protists. In the case of plant cells, the wall is formed of cellulose fibers embedded in a polysaccharide protein matrix. |
| Hydrophobic | water hating |
| Hydrophilic | water loving |