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Science Chapter 6
Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a siesmometer? | It detects earthquake waves |
| What is an accelerometer? | It measures changes in speed, such as the shakes produced by earthquakes. |
| What is an earthquake? | A series of low-frequency shockwaves, like soundwaves, moving through the earth. |
| What kind of physical quantity is a stress? What kind of stress is most likely to cause an earthquake? | A stress is a force exerted within a material / Sheer Stress |
| What are the 3 types of tectonic forces? | 1. Divergent boundaries 2. COnvergent boundaries 3. Transform Boundaries |
| True or False: Any change of the shape of an object due to stress is called strain. | True |
| True or False: Many geologists believe that it is gravity that ultimately drives sea floor sreading. | True |
| What is a fault? | A fault occurs when the section of rock on opposite sides of the crack move relative to each other. |
| What distinguishes a joint from a fault? | A joint is a crack in a rock, along which there has been no movement. A fault is a join along a rock where movement has occured. |
| How do geologists classify faults? | Geologist classify faults by the way 2 blocks of rock moved to form the fault. |
| What kind of fault is the san andreas fault? | A strike-slip fault |
| Geologist believe that most earthquakes come from what kind of earth feature? | Faults |
| True or False: Pumping ground water out of a rock formation containing an active fault could result in a more severe earthquake. | True |
| What kind of instrument detects and transmits earth wave data to a central analysis station? | Seismomenter - A seismograph also records the earth's waves. |
| List the types of earth waves that an earthquake produces. | 1. Primary 2. Secondary 3. Surface waves. |
| THrough which structure inside the earth can S-waves not pass? What is the significance of this fact? | Waves cannot pass through the earth's core. Since this is true, geologists believe that at least part of the core is liquid. |
| COmpare an earthquake's focus and its epicenter. | An earthquake's focus is the physical location within the crust where the earth originates. It's epicenter is the point on the earth's surface directly above the focus on the map's location of the earthquake's focus. |
| WHy are there lots of earthquakes along the rim of th Pacific ocean? | THe pacific plate is subducting under other plats surrounding the Pacific basisn. These convergent tectonic boundaries are the locations for many active faults that produce earthquakes. |
| True or False: An earthquake with an intensity of 6 is 31.6 times more damaging that an intensity 5 earthquake. | Falso |
| What are tsunamis? | Tsunamis are devastating. THey form when seismic waves shake a body of water. |
| What is the highest magnitude on the richter scale? | THere is no maximum value on the richter scale. |
| WHat is the maximum vale on the inntensity scale? And what would be the observed result? | The maximum value on the intensity scale is twelve. Essentially total destruction within the earthquake are would be observed. |
| Why is it difficult to predict earthquakes? | Seismologists can't determine with certainty the signs that an earthquake is about to happen. |
| True or False: Because of the movement of seismic waves, scientists believe that the core of the earth may be at least partly liquid. | True |
| At minimum, how many seismic stations are needed to identify the epicenter o an earthquake? | At least 3 seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake's epicenter. |
Created by:
Russman