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communism in russia
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Leadership and Government Q: Who became dictator of the USSR after Lenin’s death? Q | A: Josef Stalin. |
| : How did Stalin rule the USSR? A: Q: | Through terror and propaganda, removing rivals and controlling every aspect of life. |
| What is Communism? Q: | A: A system where the state controls all property, business, and jobs, aiming for equality and no private ownership. |
| Whose ideas was Communism based on? | A: Karl Marx. |
| Q: What was “Socialism in One Country”? 🟦 | A: Stalin’s idea to build communism in the USSR first before spreading it abroad. |
| 2. Economy / Industry Q: Why did Stalin introduce the Five-Year Plans? Q | A: To industrialise the USSR quickly and make it self-sufficient. |
| : What did the Five-Year Plans promote? | A: Growth in coal, oil, steel, and electricity production. |
| Q: What was built during the 1st Five-Year Plan (1928–1932)? A Q: | : New industrial cities like Magnitogorsk. |
| What did the 2nd Five-Year Plan (1933–1937) focus on? Q | A: Heavy industry and large building projects. |
| : What was the 3rd Five-Year Plan (1938–1941) focused on? | A: Weapons and arms production because of Germany’s threat. |
| Q: Were the Five-Year Plans successful? | A: Yes, industrial output increased, but there were shortages and rationing. |
| 🟩 3. Economy / Collectivisation Q: Why did Stalin introduce collectivisation? | A: To feed workers and bring farming under state control. |
| Q: What was collectivisation? | Collectivisation: the joining of small, unproductive farms together to create large, state-owned farms |
| Q: Did farmers willingly surrender their land? | A: No, many resisted. |
| Q: How did Stalin force farmers to obey? Q | A: Through violence, propaganda, and terror. |
| : What happened to those who refused? d. | A: They were sent to gulags or execute |
| 🟨 4. Terror Q: Was terror part of people’s daily lives? | A: Yes, people feared the NKVD and informers everywhere. |
| Q: What were gulags? | A: Forced labour camps with brutal conditions and high death rates. |
| Q: What was the Great Purge (1934–1938)? | A: Stalin’s campaign to remove anyone seen as a threat to his power. that year alone almost 1m were removed from his party |
| Q: What were the Show Trials? A: | Public trials used as propaganda where victims were tortured into confessing and executed. to influence popular opinion |
| Q: What happened to the defendants’ families? | A: They were often threatened or punished too. |
| 🟧 5. Propaganda QQ: Did Stalin use propaganda? and why | A: Yes — to control opinions and praise communism and himself. |
| : Why did Stalin use propaganda? Q | A: To create loyalty and show the USSR as a happy, successful country. |
| : What was the Cult of Personality? Q | . . Stalin created a 'cult of personality' around himself: the Russian people were told he was responsible for all the good things in their lives. He became a godlike figure, almost worshipped n plopagalida poster bitowilig iappy wolkels |
| : Where was propaganda used? | A: Posters, statues, newspapers, poems, and schoolbooks. |
| Q: What happened to photos of purged people? Q | A: They were airbrushed out or removed from records. |
| : What was the Stakhanovite Movement? 🟪 | A: Hardworking miners and factory workers were rewarded to inspire others. |
| 6. Education Q: Was propaganda used in schools? Q | A: Yes, textbooks were rewritten to glorify Stalin and erase rivals like Trotsky. |
| : How did Stalin improve education? | A: Compulsory schooling, exams reintroduced, and rising literacy. |
| Q: What were the Young Communists and Komsomol? Q | A: Youth organisations created by Stalin. |
| : What was their purpose? [the youth groups | A: To teach loyalty to Stalin and spread communist beliefs among young people. |
| Q: How was Stalin more conservative than Lenin? | A: He wanted traditional family values, a high birth rate, and strong families to build the USSR’s workforce and army. |
| Q: Why did Stalin want a high birth rate? | A: The USSR needed many children to strengthen its army and workforce. |
| Q: What benefits did parents receive from the state? A: | Child allowance, but only if married. |
| Q: How did Stalin discourage divorce and limit birth control? | A: Divorce was discouraged, and contraception and abortion were made illegal. |
| Q: How were mothers of large families rewarded? | A: Women with six or more children got 2,000 roubles per year for five years, and mothers of nine or more received a medal. |
| Q: What percentage of the USSR workforce were women by 1937? A). | : 50% of the workforce were women by 1937 (44% in 1935 |
| Q: What jobs did women typically do? | A: They worked as factory workers, teachers, nurses, and farmers. |
| 🟩 7. Positive Reforms under Stalin Q: What reforms improved people’s lives in the USSR? | A: Education, healthcare, and employment for all citizens. |
| Q: What was achieved in education? . | A: Free education for all, including adult evening classes. By 1953, everyone could read and write |
| Q: What healthcare improvements were made? | A: Free healthcare was provided, and diseases like cholera and typhus were eradicated. |
| Q: What jobs and housing policies existed? | A: Everyone had a job and an apartment, ensuring basic security for all citizens. |
| Tell me more about the show trials | |
| KEY TERMS Communism: | a system of government where the state controls all aspects of the economy (property, business and jobs) and of society, with limited rights for individuals |
| Gulags: forced labour camps | |
| Five-Year Plan | : a set of targets (and policies designed to meet them) over a period of five years |
| Dictator: | someone who has gained almost total control over their country and uses a variety of means, especially terror and propaganda, to hold on to power |
Created by:
user143