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diabetes chap 18
antidiabetic drugs
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Type 1 Diabetes: | results from an autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic B cells. Usually develops in persons younger than 30 years of age |
| Type 2 diabetes: | development is attributed to a much more sedentary lifestyle and lack of exercise. Usually develops in persons older than 40 years, however more and more cases are being reported for those under 20 years old. |
| Hyperglycemia: | refers to an abnormally high level of glucose (sugar) in the blood |
| Hypoglycemia: | condition characterized by abnormally low levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood |
| Hyperkalemia – | medical condition characterized by elevated levels of potassium (an essential electrolyte) in the blood. |
| Glycosuria: | the presence of glucose (sugar) in the urine |
| Prophylactic: | refers to measures or treatments designed to prevent disease or a condition before it occurs |
| UTI – | Urinary Tract Infection |
| Xerostomia – | medical term for dry mouth |
| Arthralgia – | Join Pain |
| Macroangiopathy – | refers to damage or disease affecting the large blood vessels |
| Microangiopathy – | refers to damage or disease affecting the small blood vessels |
| Ketoacidosis – | serious condition characterized by the buildup of acids called ketones in the body, which occurs when the body breaks down fat for fuel instead of carbohydrates. This can lead to a dangerously high level of acidity in the blood. |
| Insulins | insulin aspart (NovoLog) rapid-acting |
| Insulins | insulin lispro (Humalog) rapid-acting |
| Insulins | insulin regular (Humulin R) short-acting |
| Insulins | insulin glargine (Lantus) long-acting |
| Biguanides | metformin (Glucophage) |
| SGLT-2 Inhibitors | canagliflozin (Invokana) |
| GLP-1 Receptor Agonists | liraglutide (Victoza) |
| GLP-1 Receptor Agonists | semaglutide (Ozempic) |
| Sulfonylureas | glimepiride (Amaryl) |
| Sulfonylureas | glipizide (Glucotrol) |
| Sulfonylureas | glyburide (DiaBeta) |
| DPP-4 Inhibitors | sitagliptin (Januvia) |
| Thiazolidinediones | pioglitazone (Actos) |