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Enzymes & Energy
CAPP Biology Unit 6A
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| enzyme | a biological catalyst |
| substrate | the molecule(s) that an enzyme binds to |
| enzyme-substrate complex | the enzyme and it's reactant molecule(s) together as one |
| active site | the puzzle-piece shaped part of the substrate where the enzyme attached |
| activation energy | the amount of energy needed to start a reaction |
| catabolic | a reaction that breaks down molecules |
| anabolic | a reaction the builds molecules |
| catalyst | a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy. It is not a reactant or a product in the reaction. |
| pH | a measure of the level of acidity or alkalinity of a substance |
| denature | the unfolding of a protein, changing the shape, but maintaining the amino acid sequence |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate - the energy currency of the cell |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| potential energy | stored energy |
| free energy | energy in a system that is available to do work |
| exergonic reaction | a reaction that releases energy |
| endergonic reaction | a reaction that requires energy |
| entropy | a measure of disordered energy - not available for work, often heat given off during energy conversions |
| Laws of Thermodynamics | set of scientific laws that define temperature, energy, and entropy |