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A Injury's happen 20
Injusrys happen 20
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a latent trigger point? | A tight area in a muscle that does not cause spontaneous pain but may cause discomfort when pressure is applied. |
| Does a latent trigger point cause pain at rest? | No, it does not cause spontaneous pain. |
| What can a latent trigger point restrict or cause? | It may restrict movement or cause muscle weakness. |
| When does a person usually notice a latent trigger point? | When pressure is applied to the area — that’s when it becomes noticeable. |
| What is an active trigger point? | A tight area within a muscle that causes pain at rest and is tender to touch. |
| What happens when pressure is applied to an active trigger point? | It causes pain, known as the “jump sign” (the person may flinch or pull away). |
| How does an active trigger point differ from a tender point? | A trigger point causes referred pain (pain felt in another area), while a tender point only hurts where it’s pressed. |
| Where are active trigger points most commonly found? | In muscles involved in postural support (muscles that help maintain body position). |
| What does the suffix “-itis” mean? | It means inflammation or irritation of a structure. |
| What is tendonitis? | Inflammation of a tendon. |
| What is myositis? | Inflammation of a muscle. |
| What usually causes chronic muscle injuries like tendonitis or myositis? | They are caused over a long period of time by wearing away of a structure or repeated acute injuries. |
| What is crepitus? | : A crackling feeling or sound caused by friction between bone and tissue or within an inflamed tendon. |
| What do tendons connect? | Tendons join muscle to bone. |
| How much force can tendons produce or maintain | They can withstand 8,700 – 18,000 lbs per square inch (lbs/in²). |
| What happens when a tendon is “unloaded”? | It is relaxed and wavy, with no tension applied. |
| What happens when a tendon is “loaded”? | The fibers straighten as tension or force is applied. |
| What is the “yield point”? | The point where the tendon starts to be overstretched and can begin to tear — like stretching a slinky too far. |
| How strong are tendons compared to the muscles they serve? | Tendons are about 2 times stronger than the muscles they attach to. |
| Where do tendon injuries usually occur? | Injuries usually happen at the muscle or at the attachment site (where the tendon connects to bone). |
| Ligaments | Thickest in the middle. |
| How are ligament injuries graded? | They are graded based on the severity of the injury — from Grade 1 (mild) to Grade 3 (severe). |
| What are the signs of a Grade 1 sprain? | Some pain, Minimal loss of function, No abnormal motion, Mild point tenderness |
| What are the signs of a Grade 2 sprain? | Pain, moderate loss of function, swelling, and instability, Partial tearing and separation of ligament fibers |
| Grade 3 – Severe | Extremely painful, Complete loss of function, Severe instability and swelling, May also represent a subluxation (partial dislocation) |
| What can ligament injuries result in? | Possibly an avulsion fracture (when a piece of bone is pulled off by the ligament) |
| What is the greatest difficulty with Grade 1 & 2 sprains? | Restoring stability to the joint. |
| What is critical for regaining joint stability after a ligament injury? | Strengthening the muscles around the joint. |
| Why is restoring stability difficult after ligament sprains? | Because stretched ligaments heal with inelastic tissue, which doesn’t stretch or move normally. |
| Ligaments | connect bone to bone |
| After sprains | Ligaments stay loose — muscles must tighten up to help! |
| what is cartilage | The Shock absorber between 2 bones, injuries' after repeated irregular use |
| what is dislocation | When bone move out of normal place |
| Jen is a runner who puts daily stress on her knees. Now her patellar tendon is irritated. What is this condition called? | Patellar tendonitis (inflammation of the patellar tendon). |
| Mike slid into home base and scraped off the top layer of skin on his thigh, then got hit by a ball. a. What forces were being applied? | Shearing and compression forces. |
| What injuries did these forces cause? | Abrasion (from sliding) and contusion (from the ball impact). |
| Jon completely tore his Achilles tendon. Where did it most likely tear? | At the ends — near the attachment point of the muscle or bone. |
| What would you recommend to someone who is constantly going to practice sore? | Use a better warm-up and cool-down routine to prevent overuse injuries and promote recovery |
| what is a compound fracture | Complete fracture in witch bone pierces through the skin, (rise in infection) |
| what is Greenstick | Only in kids. Break in bones, one side bends other side breaks |
| what is a Oblique Fracture | Result from force applied at a non right angle bone |
| what is Comminuted | Complete fractures resulting in many pieces fragments of bone |
| what is Spiral | Result of extreme torsion force applied to bone |
| what is Stress | Result of overuse or stress on bone most common in runners. altered stress distribution due to muscle fatigue |
| Stress Fx | Bones get weaker before they become stronger, so if not conditioned well before intense practice starts |
| Impacted | Fragment of bone get smashed |
| Compression fx. L1 vertebral body (slide ) | fall or jump |
| What are 3 reasons that cross country runners see the most stress fractures of any other type of athlete? | no rest, different terrain, Distance |
| Where is the bone weakest? | Shape or direction |
| Why are we so concerned with younger athletes injuring themselves? | Growth plates |
| Factors That Impede Healing | Extent of injurie, Infection, age, Health |
| What type of healing capacity does cartilage have | Cartilage has a limited capacity to heal. |
| Why does cartilage heal slowly? | Because it has little or no direct blood supply. |
| What happens to articular cartilage that fails to clot? | It heals very slowly or may not heal at all. |
| What is one major factor that limits the healing process of cartilage? | The lack of blood flow and nutrient delivery to the tissue. |
| How long can the full healing process for ligaments take | Up to 12 months |
| Do ligaments have a good blood supply | They have a decent blood supply, which allows healing but at a slow rate |
| What material is heavily produced during ligament healing? | Collagen |
| Why do surgically repaired ligaments tend to be stronger | Because surgery decreases scar formation, allowing better tissue alignment. |
| Are exercised or immobilized ligaments stronger | Exercised ligaments are stronger. |
| What must be strengthened to help reinforce the joint | Surrounding muscles. |
| How does increased muscle tension affect joint stability? | It increases joint stability. |
| Tendons | Abundance of collagen is required for good tensile strength, Too much = fibrosis – may interfere with gliding |
| Skeletal Muscle | Healing could last 6 to 8 weeks depending on muscle injured |
| Nerve Healing | Cannot regenerate after nerve cell dies. closer to cell body difficulty to grow |
| Nerve Healing | Rate of healing occurs at 3-4 mm per day = slow re-growth |
| Cartilage | Poor blood Supply 2 months to heal |
| Ligaments | Good Blood Supply 12 months to heal |
| Tendons | Good Blood Supply 4-5 weeks to heal |
| Skeletal Muscle | Very good Blood supply 6-8 weeks to heal |
| Nerve | 3-4 MM per day healing |
| Modifying Soft-Tissue Healing | Anti-inflammatory Medications Advil, Motrin. Therapeutic Modalities heat and cold |
| Exercise Rehabilitation | Early movement used in rehab that is _highly Controlled may help enhance healing process |
| Importance of Controlling Swelling | To limit swelling use the PRICE principle protect and ICE |
| Importance of Controlling Swelling | Splint, wrap, immobilize the injured site crutches should be supplied for lower |
| Importance of Controlling Swelling | Healing immediately begins after injury Rest and restricting activity 24-48 hrs |
| Rest (Restricted Activity) | 24-48 HRs of rest should be applied prior to active rehabilitation – depends on severity |
| Rest (Restricted Activity) | Rest applies to the injured body part – cardiovascular fitness, strengthening and flexibility should be maintained |
| Importance of Controlling Swelling | Use compression Single most important factor in swelling control use for 72 hrs |
| Importance of Controlling Swelling | Elevation Used to eliminate the effects of gravity on blood pooling first 72 hours |
| P.R.I.C.E | Protection, rest, Ice, COMPRESSION, Elevation |
Created by:
Hpalette