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Vocab 1 - 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Inductive reasoning | (specific --> general) Drawing a general conclusion from specific examples. Ex: My dog has a heart. My cat has a heart. My neighbor's rabbit has a heart. Therefore, all mammals probably have hearts. |
| Deductive reasoning | (general --> specific) Drawing a specific conclusion based on a general principle or premise. Ex: All mammals have hearts. A dog is a mammal. Therefore, a dog has a heart. |
| Appeal | A strategy used to persuade, often through logic, emotion, or credibility. |
| Assertion | A confident and forceful statement of belief or fact. |
| Anecdote | A short personal story used to illustrate a point. |
| Observation | A remark or statement based on something noticed or perceived. |
| Persuasive | Intended to convince someone of a belief or action. |
| Concession | An acknowledgment of the opposing viewpoint in an argument. |
| Rebuttal | A response that counters or disproves the opposing argument. |
| Amplify | To expand on an idea or statement for emphasis or clarity. |
| Qualify | To modify or limit a statement, often to make it more accurate. |
| Synthesis | Combining different ideas to form a new, cohesive whole. |
| Analogy | A comparison between two different things to clarify a concept. |
| Statistic | A numerical fact or piece of data used as evidence. |
| Intellectual property | Creations of the mind that are legally protected, such as inventions or writings. |
| Credibility | The quality of being trusted or believed. |
| Testimony | A formal written or spoken statement, often used as evidence. |
| Convey | To communicate or express an idea clearly. |
| Antithesis | A contrast or opposition between two ideas, often in parallel structure. |
| Hypophora | Asking a question and then immediately answering it. |
| Rhetorical question | A question asked for effect, not meant to be answered. |
| Retract | To withdraw or take back a statement or claim. |
| Rescind | To revoke or cancel an agreement, law, or order. |
| Sycophant | A person who flatters someone powerful to gain personal advantage. |
| Incongruous | Out of place; not in harmony with surroundings. |
| Hinder | To create difficulty or delay progress. |
| Slander | False spoken statements meant to damage someone's reputation. |
| Verbose | Using more words than necessary; wordy. |
| Amass | To gather or accumulate a large amount over time. |
| Amity | Peaceful friendship and harmony. |
| Hedonistic | Devoted to the pursuit of pleasure and self-gratification. |
| procatalepsis | anticipating an objection and answering it |
| distinctio | when the writer elaborates on the definition of a word to make sure there is no misunderstanding |
| simile | A comparison using "like" or "as" |
| ecclesiastic | pertaining to the church or clergy |
| esoteric | intended for or understood by only a small group |
| cleric | a member of the clergy |
| lay-person | a non-ordained member of a church |
| didactic | intended to teach |
| disseminate | to scatter or spread widely |
| edict | an official order |
| penance | voluntary self-punishment in order to atone for some wrongdoing |
| apathy | lack of interest or emotion |
| ambiguous | open to more than one interpretation |
| fervent | eager or earnest |
| vagrant | an idle wanderer |
| undermine | to weaken |
| oblivious | unaware |
| indifferent | Having no preference |
| obscure | difficult to see, vague |
| objective | unbiased; not subjective |
| revere | to worship or to honor |
| embellish | to decorate or add extra details |
| innovate | to be creative; to introduce something new |
| denounce | to condemn openly |
| stagnant | not running or flowing |
| candid | Completely honest, straightforward |
| impartial | unbiased; neutral |
| discern | to perceive or recognize |
| ostentatious | showy, pretentious |
| contentious | argumentative |
| reprove | to scold or criticize |
| pessimism | belief that life is basically bad or evil; gloominess |
| cursory | hasty or superficial, not thorough |
| profligate | wasteful |
| miser | one who saves greedily |
| rhetoric | effective writing or speaking |
| rhetorical situation | a situation in which people's understanding can be changed through messages |
| exigence | the reason the speech needs to be given |
| ethos | Ethical appeal |
| logos | Appeal to logic |
| pathos | Appeal to emotion |
| genre | a major category or type of literature |
| audience | the listener, viewer, or reader of a text |
| purpose | the goal the speaker wants to achieve |
| context | the circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, or idea, and in terms of which it can be fully understood and assessed. |
| message | whatever a speaker communicates to someone else |
| thesis | a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved. |
| claim | the writer's position on an issue or problem |
| evidence | proof |
| diction | A writer's or speaker's choice of words |
| syntax | The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language. |
| organization | arranged in an orderly way |
| style | the choices a writer makes; the combination of distinctive features of a literary work |
| analyze | to look at something carefully by attention to its parts |
| argue | debate |
| quotation | a group of words taken from a text or speech |
| citation | a quotation from or reference to a book, paper, or author, especially in a scholarly work. |
| perspective | point of view |
| establish | to set up |
| strategy | a plan of action |
| hyperbole | extreme exaggeration |
| understatement | A statement that says less than what is meant |
| litotes | A form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite |
| ocular | pertaining to the eye |
| fracas | a noisy quarrel or brawl |
| caricature | an exaggerated portrayal of one's features |
| corroborate | to support with evidence |
| non sequitur | something that does not logically follow |
| syllogism | form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn (whether validly or not) from two given or assumed propositions. ex: "all dogs are animals; all animals have four legs; therefore all dogs have four legs" |
| uniform | constant; without variety |
| lucid | clear and easily understood |
| precarious | dangerous |
| expository | explanatory |
| bolster | to support |
| aesthetic | concerning the appreciation of beauty |
| deter | to discourage |
| daunt | to intimidate, to dismay |
| complacent | self-satisfied |
| guile | deceit; trickery |
| inclined | tending toward one direction |
| censor | to delete objectionable material |
| diligent | hard-working |
| fastidious | attention to detail |
| eccentric | unconventional and slightly strange |
| enigma | a puzzle; a mystery |
| infer | to find out by reasoning; to arrive at a conclusion on the basis of thought; to hint, suggest, imply |
| expedient | convenient; practical |
| pious | deeply religious |
| dialectic | logical argument |
| interminable | endless |
| apprehensive | fearful or anxious, especially about the future |
| brevity | briefness |
| servile | overly submissive |
| complusory | required by law or a rule; obligatory |
| metaphor | A comparison without using like or as |
| analogy | A comparison of two different things that are similar in some way |
| allusion | A reference to another work of literature, person, or event |
Created by:
lreynal