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Animal Phys- L1

QuestionAnswer
Balanced Performance Index (BPI) - economic index - combines traits: milk, fat, protein, survival, fertility, mastitis, cell count, type and feed saved - reflects broad farmer preferences
Health Weighted Index (HWI) - emphasises health traits - fertility, mastitis resistance and feed saved - reduced emphases on milk yield - improved cattle health, minimal production increase
Advantages of modern genotypes high feed efficiency reduced waste
disadvantages of modern genotypes excessive growth: leads to mobility issues, sores, fractures meat defects: "white striping" , "woody breast"
Growth is the balance between... deposition and breakdown
Deposition Cell number (hyperplasia) and cell size (hypertrophy)
Breakdown immune activity, stress, reproduction or poor nutrition
Growth phases - Foetal phase - Pre puberty - Adult phase
Foetal Phase Vital organ formation Myotube (muscle cell) formation
Pre Puberty Rapid bone and muscle growth
Adult phase Fat and reproductive organ development
Are livestock born more developed than humans? yes
What does foetal growth prioritise? vital organs
What happens in postnatal growth? Growth of muscle, bone and later fat
Reproductive organs develop... last
Nervous system develops.... first
Thoracic organs in postnatal growth Heart and lungs are developed early (in utero), little change postnatally
Abdominal organs in postnatal growth Organs such as the GI tract and liver develop rapidly postnatally
Muscle growth postnatally Hypertrophy (cells enlarge, not multiply)
Allometric growth variable rate of organ growth unequal growth rate gives rise to final shape
marbling requires.... good genetics and longer growth
Created by: sakelleher29
 

 



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