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chapter 4

photosynthesis

TermDefinition
autotroph makes its own food
cellular respiration converts food into energy
consumer eats other organisms
energy ability to do work
food Nutritious substance for maintaining life and growth
glucose A simple sugar (C₆H₁₂O₆).
heterotroph Organism that consumes other organisms for food.
photosynthesis Process using sunlight to produce energy (glucose).
producer Organism that makes its own food.
Calvin cycle Part of photosynthesis that fixes carbon dioxide.
chemosynthesis : Synthesis of organic compounds using chemical energy.
chlorophyll Green pigment for absorbing light in photosynthesis.
electron transport chain Transfers electrons to produce energy.
grana Stacks of thylakoids in chloroplasts.
light reactions Converts light energy into chemical energy.
photosystem Protein complexes involved in photosynthesis.
stroma The fluid-filled space surrounding the grana (stacks of thylakoids) inside a chloroplast.
thylakoid membrane The membrane within the chloroplast that is the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
aerobic respiration The process of producing cellular energy involving oxygen.
anaerobic respiration he process of producing cellular energy without oxygen.
glycolysis The breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.
Krebs cycle A series of chemical reactions that extract energy from molecules, releasing carbon dioxide and producing high-energy electron carriers.
alcoholic fermentation A type of anaerobic respiration that produces ethanol and carbon dioxide.
fermentation The chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms, typically involving effervescence and the giving off of heat.
lactic acid fermentation A type of anaerobic respiration that produces lactic acid.
Created by: ajac
 

 



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