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AP Stats: Sampling

QuestionAnswer
Convenience sampling use results that are easy to get
Voluntary response sampling allows people to choose to be in the sample by responding to a general invitation
Random sampling involves using a chance process to determine which members of population are included in sample
simple random sampling every member of the population has an equal probability of being selected for the sample
Sampling frame a numbered list of individuals from whom the sample is drawn
Nonresponse bias bias introduced to a sample when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond
Question wording bias bias created by the wording of the survey questions
Self-reported response bias when individuals inaccurately report their own traits
Cluster random sampling dividing the total population into groups (or clusters), then using simple random sampling to select which clusters participate; all observations in a selected cluster are included in the sample
Stratified random sampling Population divided into subgroups and one random sample taken from each group
Systematic random sampling selects a sample from an ordered arrangement of the population by randomly selecting one of the first k individuals and choosing every kth individual thereafter
confounding variable an "extra" variable that is not the focus of a study but can ruin the results by influencing both the independent and dependent variables
Matched pairs design participants are grouped into pairs based on similar characteristics, like age or gender, and then one member of each pair is randomly assigned to a treatment group and the other to a control group
completely randomized design experimental units are randomly assigned to different treatment groups
randomized block design an experimental method where subjects are first grouped into "blocks" based on a shared characteristic, and then treatments are randomly assigned within each block
Created by: lreynal
 

 



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