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Biotechnology
Biology Honors Unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| biotechnology | the application of a technological process, invention, or method to living organisms |
| selective breeding | choosing organisms with certain traits to breed |
| hybridization | the crossing of dissimilar individuals to create something beneficial to humans |
| inbreeding | continued breeding of individuals with similar genetic characteristics resulting in a higher chance of mutation |
| recombinant DNA | an artificially made DNA strand that is formed by the combination of two or more gene sequences |
| transgenic organism | an organism or cell whose genome has been altered by the introduction of one or more foreign DNA sequences from another species |
| CRISPR | a technology that research scientists use to selectively modify the DNA of living organisms (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) |
| genetically modified organisms | plants, animals, or microbes that have had their DNA changed using genetic engineering techniques (GMOs) |
| cloning | the processes used to create an exact genetic replica of another cell, tissue or organism |
| gene therapy | a technique that uses a gene(s) to treat, prevent or cure a disease or medical disorder |
| stem cell | a specialized cell that can become other cells that do different things in a process known as differentiation |
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