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Physics Chapter 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Density formula | p = m/V |
| Sinks: | Object density > Fluid density |
| Floats: | Object density < Fluid density |
| Neutrally buoyant (suspended): | Object density = Fluid density |
| Pressure Formula | P = F/A - SI unit is N/m^2 or Pa - 1.0 atm = 1.013 * 10^5 Pa |
| Pressure & Area Relation | If you're just standing on the ground, your pressure is higher. If you're lying across it, your pressure is lower. |
| Absolute Pressure Equation | Patm (pressure at top) + Pgauge |
| Which direction does Fb go? | Fb is considered to be acting upward through the center of gravity of the displaced fluid. |
| Buoyant Force | A body wholly or partially submerged in fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. The force that causes this apparent loss of weight is Fb. |
| Main Concept of Fb | When the object is fully submerged, Fb = mg (fluid displaced) or pVg. When partially submerged, it only equals the part underwater. |
| Where does FN come in with relation to Fb? | Do NOT confuse Fb with FN! A floating object is under two forces only - mg and Fb. BUT if the object sinks entirely, it will experience mg, Fb, AND the normal force from the solid surface at the bottom of the container. |
| Tip for Balloon Skin | Because the balloon skin is very thin and neglible, the volume of the cold air will equal the volume of the hot air. |
| Complete Lecture Problem 2 | -- |
| Pascal's Principle | States that the pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid and acts in all directions. P1 = P2. |
| Fluids in Motion | Can have two types of motions -> a laminar flow and a tubular flow. |
| Laminar Flow | When the molecules forming the flow follow the path of each other. |
| Turbulent Flow | When the molecules exceed a certain speed and become random (NOT IMPORTANT). |
| Volume Flow Rate Formula | Often used with ideal fluids. A1v1 = A2v2 A = cross-sectional areas of pipe or conduit at two different points. For cyl, it would be the volume without the h. v = the velocities of the fluids at those two respective points. |
| Manometer | Pressure is the same at both levels. Gas presses down from one side, raising fluid, other side is influenced by pressure AND gas. So you're using Po and pgh. |
| Barometer | Po = pgh. Container is open to the atmosphere so fluid presses down. P = 0 at the very top. |
| Tip about cars and plungers | You see a problem like this, expect the formula to be P1=P2. Essentially F1/A1 = F2/A2. If they ask how much depression, you can also do A1d1 = A1d2. |
| Ideal Vs. Real Fluid | Larger/wider pipe (more volume) = more air flow, because there's less parts that are dragging against the edges. Meanwhile, longer pipe = less air flow. |
| When to use continuity equation and when to use Bernoulli's | Bernoulli's usually refers to change in pressure (1/2pv^2 - 1/2pv^2f), while continuity is just constricted flow rate through a pipe. |
| Tips for the Plane Question | You can think of it as a pipe and use A1V1 = A2V2. The velocity for the smaller portion is higher so its pressure is lower. On a level flight, lift = weight. |
| Complete Lecture Problem 4 | -- |
| If you're just solving for Patm, you're going to use... | Pascals |
| Tip for finding normal force | Remember Fn = Fb - mg |
Created by:
smurtab