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FNRL 220
Exam 3 Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The neck is outlined by a line along the middle of the neck, SCM border, and the lower margin of the mandible, which is called? | Anterior triangle |
| Within the midline of the Anterior Triangle, you can palpate what? | The hyoid bone and the thyroid/cricoid cartilages. |
| What covers the anterior triangle and incising it makes the vessels visible? | Platysma muscle |
| What attaches to the mastoid process and the manubrium of the sternum? | Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) Muscles |
| The Carotid Sheath lies posterior to the SCM and contains? | The artery, vein, and vague nerve. |
| The Right Common Carotid lies posterior to? | The medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. |
| The linear guide for the Right Common Carotid extends from the sternoclavicular articulation to? | The respective anterior surface of the earlobe. |
| The anatomical limit for the Right Common Carotid begins at the right sternoclavicular articulation and extends to? | The superior border of the thyroid cartilage. |
| The Right Common Carotid originates from? | Brachiocephalic artery |
| The artery in the Carotid Sheath is? | Medial and deep to the vein, which is lateral and superficial. |
| Both the Left and Right External Carotid arteries have branches such as? | The ascending pharyngeal and superior thyroid. |
| The Left Common Carotid originates from? | The aortic arch of the Aorta |
| In the Axilla, with the arm extended, the region resembles a? | Pyramid |
| The anterior fold of the axilla contains? | The pectoralis major and minor muscles. |
| The posterior fold of the axilla is formed by? | The latissimus dorsi, subscapularis, and teres major muscles. |
| The lateral wall of the axilla includes the shaft of the? | Humerus biceps brachii, and coracobrachialis. |
| The cervicoaxillary canal forms? | The apex of the axilla and is bounded by the clavicle, scapula, and the first rib. |
| The brachial plexus consists of how many nerves grouped around the axillary artery? | Five |
| The axillary artery is located? | Located lateral and posterior to the axillary vein. |
| The anatomical guide for the axillary artery is behind the medial border of the? | Coracobrachialis muscle |
| 21. The incision to access the axillary artery is made along the anterior margin of the? | Hairline of the axilla. |
| The brachial artery lies within the? | Medial bicipital groove, posterior to the medial border of the biceps brachii. |
| The radial artery can be found lateral to the? | Flexor carpi radialis tendon and medial to the brachioradialis muscle. |
| The anatomical limit for the radial artery is from 1 inch below the elbow to the base of the? | Thumb |
| The radial artery has two? | Venae comitantes lying on either side of it. |
| The anatomical guide for the ulnar artery is lateral to the tendon of the? | Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle |
| The ascending aorta originates from the? | Left ventricle of the heart. |
| The branches of the arch of the aorta include the Brachiocephalic, Left Common Carotid, and the? | Left subclavian arteries |
| The Right Subclavian artery begins at the? | Sternoclavicular articulation and extends to the lateral border of the first rib. |
| The Left Subclavian artery extends from the 2nd costal cartilage to the? | Lateral border of the first rib. |
| The descending abdominal aorta has parietal branches such as the? | Inferior phrenic and lumbar arteries. |
| The external iliac artery lies at the level of the? | Inguinal ligament, lateral to the external iliac vein. |
| To locate the femoral artery, place the left thumb on? | The right anterior superior iliac spine and the middle finger on the pubic tubercle. |
| The femoral triangle's base is formed by the? | Inguinal ligament |
| The roof of the femoral triangle is the? | Fascia lata, a dense sheet of connective tissue. |
| The femoral sheath has three compartments called? | The lateral, intermediate, and medial. |
| The floor of the femoral triangle includes the? | Iliopsoas, pectineus, and adductor longus muscles. |
| The linear guide for the femoral artery is from the center of the? | Inguinal ligament to the medial condyle of the femur. |
| The femoral artery and vein enter the adductor canal but not the? | Femoral nerve |
| The popliteal fossa is divided into two triangles called? | The upper tibial nerve and the lower tibial triangle. |
| The lower tibial triangle is bound by the medial and lateral heads of the? | Gastrocnemius muscle |
| In the popliteal fossa, the popliteal vein lies? | Superficial to the artery. |
| The anterior tibial artery lies in the groove between the tibialis anterior muscle and the? | Extensor hallucis longus tendon |
| The anterior tibial artery becomes the? | Dorsalis pedis artery in the foot. |
| The posterior tibial artery is found along the posterior border of the? | Medial malleolus and the Achilles tendon. |
| The oblique popliteal ligament marks the? | Upper limit of the popliteal artery's anatomical guide. |
| The descending abdominal aorta extends from the? | Aortic hiatus of the diaphragm to the fourth lumbar vertebra. |
| The peroneal nerves and the popliteal artery are contained within the? | Popliteal fossa |
| The radial artery is located? | On the lateral side of the forearm near the thumb. |
| The ulnar artery is located? | On the medial side of the forearm, usually alongside the ulnar nerve. |
| Proper selection of vessels during the pre-embalming analysis should? | Produce the best embalming results. |
| During injection, you may need to re-evaluate and? | Change injection sites to accommodate complications. |
| An artery and a vein at a single location are used for injection and drainage? | Arterial injection |
| A common one-point injection site is the? | The right common carotid artery for injection and the right internal jugular vein for drainage. |
| An artery is injected at one location and drainage is taken from a different location? | Split injection |
| An example of split injection is? | Injecting the right common carotid artery and draining via the right femoral vein. |
| When using restricted cervical injection both? | Common carotid arteries are raised and injected. |
| Restricted cervical injection provides direct solution to the head/facial tissues and allow for? | Control over amount, strength, pressure, and rate of flow of arterial solution entering the head. |
| The vascular injection procedure that involves injecting from two or more arteries is called? | Multipoint injection |
| A six-point injection is also known as? | Sectional embalming (Multi-point injection) |
| For an autopsied body, six-point injection includes? | Both carotids, both axillaries, or brachial, and both femoral arteries and external iliac. |
| Two key decisions in embarrassing are selecting? | The right artery/vessel for injection and the right vein/vessel for drainage. |
| What arteries are preferred due to the presence of a large corresponding vein. | The brachial and femoral. |
| What vein leads directly to the right atrium, making it the preferred drainage site? | Right internal jugular vein. |
| What arteries are best for adults because they are close to the surface? | Radial and carotid arteries. |
| The largest artery commonly raised in embalming is? | Common carotid artery |
| A creamy white color, does not collapse when cut, and is generally free of blood? | Umbilical artery |
| Distinguished by their silvery appearance and lack of lumen? | Tendons |
| Veins have a flattened (collapsed) appearance if they contain? | Blood and collapse when cut. |
| To choose an artery as an injection site, consider? | The depth, size, and proximity to the arch of the aorta. |
| Aorta is the largest artery, followed by? | The pulmonary artery and then the carotid artery. |
| If an artery has multiple branches, it may not be ideal for? | Intra-arterial injection |
| In emaciated or thin bodies, use of the? | Femoral artery may be best. |
| Commonly used in cases of autopsied bodies or if the carotids are sclerotic. | Femoral artery |
| Why does an autopsied body often requires multi-point (six-point) injection? | To supply solution to different areas. |
| Multipoint injections are generally used for? | Autopsies or large areas. |
| Is suggested if facial tissue distention is likely? | Intradermal injection |
| What methods include sectional embalming, hypodermic embalming, and surface embalming? | Supplemental injection |
| Once a site is chosen, vessels should be? | Superficialized to the skin surface for easy access. |
| Is made parallel to the anterior margin of the hairline of the axilla for the axillary artery? | Curvilinear incision |
| To avoid damage, arterial tubes should be? | Slightly smaller than the lumen of the artery. |
| Supplies fluid directly to the thumb side of the hand? | Radial artery |
| Supplies fluid to the medial side of the hand? | Ulnar artery |
| The femoral artery is also called? | Popliteal artery |
| What is often avoided in obese bodies due to its depth? | Femoral artery |
| Vastus lateralis or deltoid can be used for injection due to their size and location on? | Children |
| In cases of edema or ulcerations? | Excess moisture can be a challenge to work with. |
| Obese bodies may require? | Larger injection to avoid complications. |
| What is often used for the common carotid artery, is made near the sternoclavicular articulation? | Anterior vertical incision |
| The internal jugular vein is preferred for drainage on the? | Right side of the body |
| Is the large artery and has no branches except at its terminal end. | Aorta artery |
| Leakage around this vein may be visible, especially in the neck area? | Jugular vein |
| Is the most common incision type used on vessels? | Transverse incision |
| In cases of trauma, embalming may require? | Hypodermic injection or the use of alternate arteries. |
Created by:
WendigoBunny