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Plate Tectonics

QuestionAnswer
Plate Tectonics The theory that the earth is broken into plates and are in motion due to convection currents in the asthenosphere (upper mantle)
Alfred Wegener Proposed the continental drift theory in the 1900s
Pangaea term for the super continent which contained all the plates together
Crust The thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle
Lithosphere The solid, outer layer of the Earth that consists of the the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle
Asthenosphere The soft layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move
Transform Boundary The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other horizontally
Continental Drift The hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations
Sea-floor spreading The process by which new oceanic crust forms as magma rises towards the surface and solidifies at divergent boundaries.
Convergent Boundary The boundary formed by the collision of two plates
Divergent Boundary The boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other
Rift valley a valley formed by the separation of tectonic plates
Continental Drift Theory the theory that the continents have not always been in their present locations but have moved there over millions of years
scientific theory A well-tested explanation for a wide range of observations or experimental results.
Plate Tectonic Theory the theory that the lithosphere is broken up into large plates that move and then rejoin; considered the unifying theory of geology
Continental Fit Evidence The continents, particularly South America and Africa, fit together like puzzle pieces
Glacial Striation Scratches in the rocks caused by the movement of glaciers across parts of Pangaea
Fossils Same species of fossilized reptiles found on different continents
Landforms Similarly aged mountain ranges that have similar layers of rock
Convergent boundary When two crust collide
Divergent boundary When two crusts separate
Earthquake The process of Earth's crust releasing stored energy
Volcano The process of magma moving from the mantle to the surface through vents (openings)
Subduction The process of one plate disappearing under another plate and melting back into the mantle
Hotspot An unusually active part of Earth's crust that causes more eruptions than normal; can often form islands
Magnetic anomalies Evidence that shows how Earth's magnetism has reversed itself over the course of thousands of years. This supports Wegener's theory of Pangaea
Created by: user-1856870
 

 



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