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Causes of Civil War
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What invention increased cotton production and slavery in Georgia? | The cotton gin |
| Why did Georgia’s economy depend on slavery? | It relied on cotton production and agricultural labor |
| What did many Northern abolitionists call for? | The immediate end of slavery |
| Why did the North and South disagree over slavery? | The North saw it as immoral; the South saw it as essential for their economy |
| How did Georgia react to abolitionist pressure? | They defended slavery and distrusted the abolitionist movement |
| What was the main idea behind states’ rights? | That states should have more power than the federal government |
| What was the Nullification Crisis about? | Southern states wanted to reject high federal tariffs |
| What did South Carolina threaten to do during the Nullification Crisis? | To secede from the Union |
| How did President Andrew Jackson respond to South Carolina’s threat? | He threatened military action if they left the Union |
| How did the Nullification Crisis connect to later conflicts? | It showed southern states were willing to challenge federal power |
| What was the significance of Worcester v. Georgia? | Georgia ignored a Supreme Court order to release missionaries supporting Cherokee rights |
| What did Worcester v. Georgia reveal about Georgia’s beliefs? | Georgia valued state control over federal rulings |
| How did this connect to the Civil War? | It foreshadowed Georgia’s defiance of national authority |
| What was the Missouri Compromise? | It balanced free and slave states to keep peace in Congress |
| What did the Compromise of 1850 decide about California? | It was admitted as a free state |
| How did the Fugitive Slave Act affect the North? | It angered Northerners who opposed returning escaped slaves |
| What did the Georgia Platform say? | Georgia would accept the Compromise of 1850 to preserve the Union |
| What did these compromises reveal about the nation? | They were temporary solutions that failed to solve the slavery issue |
| What did the Dred Scott case decide about enslaved people? | They were not citizens and had no right to sue |
| How did the Dred Scott decision deepen division? | It pleased the South and angered the North |
| Why was Lincoln’s election in 1860 seen as the “final straw”? | Southern states believed he would abolish slavery |
| How did Lincoln’s election directly lead to secession? | Southern states voted to leave the Union soon after he won |
| Who was Alexander Stephens | and what was his position? |
| When did Georgia secede from the Union? | January 19 |
| Who mainly opposed secession in Georgia? | Small farmers and northern county residents |
| Why did larger slaveholders support secession? | They wanted to protect their economic interests in slavery |
| What was the Union’s “Anaconda Plan”? | A blockade to stop the South from trading cotton for weapons and supplies |
| Why was Fort Pulaski’s fall important? | It helped enforce the Union Blockade on Georgia’s coast |
| What was the Battle of Chickamauga’s outcome? | A Confederate victory but with over 34 |
| Why was Chickamauga significant for Georgia? | It was the largest battle fought in the state |
| What was Sherman’s goal in the Atlanta Campaign? | To capture Atlanta |
| How did the fall of Atlanta help the North? | It boosted Union morale and secured Lincoln’s reelection |
| What did Sherman’s March to the Sea aim to do? | Destroy Georgia’s resources and break southern morale |
| What city did Sherman capture and gift to Lincoln? | Savannah |
| How did Sherman’s March affect Georgia’s civilians? | It caused destruction |
| Why was Andersonville Prison notorious? | It was overcrowded |
| Who was executed for war crimes at Andersonville? | Captain Henry Wirz |
| Why was Wirz executed? | He was blamed for the poor conditions and high death toll |
| What did Andersonville reveal about the Confederate war effort? | Severe shortages and suffering due to the Union blockade |
| How did the issue of slavery connect to states’ rights and secession? | Southern states used states’ rights to defend slavery |
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