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Chapter 4

TermDefinition
Ecology the study of how organisms interact with one another and with their environments
species a group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring,
population the members of a species that live in the same area
community all of the population in a particular area
ecosystem all living things and their physical environments within a particular area
biosphere the Earth and all of its organisms and environments
biotic factor any part of an ecosystem that is living or used to be living
abiotic factors any part of an ecosystem that has never been living
habitat the specific environment in which an organism lives,
resource anything an organism needs; includes nutrition, shelter, mates, and breeding sites,
population size the number of individual organisms present in a population at a given time
Population Density the number of individuals in a population per unit of area
Population distribution how organisms are arranged within an area
Age structure the relative number of organisms of each age within a population
Age structure diagrams a chart that shows the age distribution of a population
sex ratio the proportion of males to females in a population
survivor ship curves a graph showing the likelihood of survival within a group or population by age
Immigration the movement of individuals to a given area
Emigration the movement of individuals away from a given area
Migration the seasonal movement of organisms into and. out of an area,
exponetial growth the pattern of population growth in which a population increases by a fixed percentage each year
Limiting Factors a characteristic of the environment that restricts population growth,
Carrying capacity the largest population a given environment can support
Logistic Growth the pattern of population growth in which exponential growth is slowed and finally stopped by limiting factors
Density-dependent factor a limiting factor whose influence changes with population density
Density-independent factor a limiting factor whose influence is not affected by population density; includes catastrophic events
biotic potential maximum ability to produce offspring in ideal condition
Created by: miguel39912
 

 



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