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4 population ecology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| vocabulary | A vocabulary (also known as a lexicon) is a set of words, generally the set of words in a language or the set known by a person. The word vocabulary comes from the Latin vocabulum, meaning "a word, a name." |
| Ecology | Ecology is the study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment; it seeks to understand the vital connections between plants and animals and the world around them. |
| species | The most common definition of a species is that a species is a group of organisms that can successfully breed to produce fertile offspring. This is known as the biological species concept. |
| population | a. : the whole number of people or inhabitants in a country or region. b. : the total of individuals occupying an area or making up a whole. c. : the total of particles at a particular energy level. used especially of atoms in a laser. |
| community | the people with common interests living in a particular area. broadly : the area itself. the problems of a large community. b. : a group of people with a common characteristic or interest living together within a larger society. |
| ecosystem | An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in a particular area. The term `eco' refers to a part of the world and `system' refers to the co-ordinating units. |
| biosphere | The biosphere is defined as the region on, above, and below the Earth's surface where life exists. The biosphere is a narrow zone on the surface of the earth where soil, water, and air combine to sustain life. |
| biotic factors | A biotic factor is a living organism that shapes its environment. In a freshwater ecosystem, examples might include aquatic plants, fish, amphibians, and algae. Biotic and abiotic factors work together to create a unique ecosystem. |
| abiotic factors | An abiotic factor is a non-living part of an ecosystem that shapes its environment. In a terrestrial ecosystem, examples might include temperature, light, and water. In a marine ecosystem, abiotic factors would include salinity and ocean currents. |
| habitat | A habitat is the natural home or environment of a plant, animal, or other organism. It provides the organisms that live there with food, water, shelter and space to survive. |
| resource | noun. a source of supply, support, or aid, especially one that can be readily drawn upon when needed. Synonyms: service, help, assistance, support, aid. resources, the collective wealth of a country or its means of producing wealth. |
| vocabulary | A vocabulary (also known as a lexicon) is a set of words, typically the set in a language or the set known to an individual. The word vocabulary originated from the Latin vocabulum, meaning "a word, name". |
| population size | Population size is defined as the number of individuals present in a subjectively designated geographic range. |
| population density | Population density is the number of people per unit of area, usually transcribed as "per square kilometer" or square mile, and which may include or exclude, for example, areas of water or glaciers. |
| population distribution | Population distribution means the pattern of where people live. World population distribution is uneven. Places which are sparsely populated contain few people. |
| Age structure | age structure. Definition English: The age structure of a population is the distribution of people among various ages. |
| age structure diagrams | An age structure diagram, or population pyramid, shows the distribution of age and sex in a population. The y-axis of the diagram shows age groups from birth to old age. The x-axis shows the population percentage. |
| sex ration | The human sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population in the context of anthropology and demography. In humans, the natural sex ratio at birth is slightly biased towards the male sex. |
| servorship curves | A survivorship curve is a graph showing the number or proportion of individuals surviving to each age for a given species or group. Survivorship curves can be constructed for a given cohort based on a life table. |
| immigration | Immigration is the international movement of people to a destination country of which they are not usual residents or where they do not possess nationality in order to settle as permanent residents. |
| emigration | Emigration is the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere. Conversely, immigration describes the movement of people into one country from another. |
| migration | seasonal movement of animals from one region to another. movement of people to a new area or country in order to find work or better living conditions. movement from one part of something to another. |
| exponential growth | Exponential growth occurs when a quantity grows as an exponential function of time. The quantity grows at a rate directly proportional to its present size. |
| limiting factors | A limiting factor is a variable of a system that restricts the growth or continuation of processes within a system, typically through its exhaustion. |
| carrying capacity | The definition of carrying capacity is an ecosystem's maximum number of organisms of a species that can survive in that particular environment |
| logistic growth | In logistic growth, a population's per capita growth rate gets smaller and smaller as population size approaches a maximum imposed by limited resources in the environment, known as the carrying capacity |
| density-independent factor | density-independent factor, in ecology, any force that affects the size of a population of living things regardless of the density of the population (the number of individuals per unit area). |
| biotic potential | Biotic potential is described by the unrestricted growth of populations resulting in the maximum growth of that population. |
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