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Chapter 4 Lessons 1-

TermDefinition
ecology the study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environments
species a group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring
population members of a species that live in the same area at the same time
community all of the populations in a particular area
ecosystem all of the living things and their physical environments within a particular area
biosphere includes all parts of Earth that host life, with all of its organisms and environments
biotic factors parts of an ecosystem that are living or used to be living
abiotic factors parts of an ecosystem that have never been living
habitat the specific environment in which an organism lives
resource anything an organism needs, including nutrition, shelter, breeding sites, and mates
population size the number of individual organisms present in a given population at a given time
population density the number of individuals within a population per unit area
population distribution describes how organisms are arranged within an area
age structure the relative numbers of organisms of each age within a population
age structure diagrams visual tools scientists use to show the age structure of populations
sex ratio proportions of males to females
survivorship curves graphs population ecologists use to show how the likelihood of death varies with age
immigration the arrival of individuals from outside a given area
emigration the departure of individuals from a given area
migration a seasonal movement into and out of an area
exponential growth when a population increases by a fixed percentage each year
limiting factors characteristics of the environment that limit population growth
carrying capacity the largest population size a given environment can sustainably support
logistic growth describes how a population's initial exponential increase is slowed and finally stopped by limiting factors
density-dependent factor limiting factors whose influence changes with population density
density-independent factor limiting factors whose influence is not affected by population density
biotic potential maximum ability to produce offspring in ideal conditions
Created by: ellisha
 

 



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