The study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environments.

A group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

Members of a species that live in the same area at the same time make up a population.

All of the populations in a particular area make up a community.

Includes all of the living things and their physical environments within a particular area.

Includes all parts of Earth that host life, with all of its organisms and environments.

Parts of an ecosystem that are living or used to be living are called biotic factors

Parts of an ecosystem that have never been living are called abiotic factors

The specific environment in which an organism lives is its habitat.

Anything an organism needs, including nutrition, shelter, breeding sites and mates.

Describes the number of individual organisms present in a given population at a given time.

Describes the number of individuals within a population per unit area.

Population Distribution

(Sometimes called population dispersion), describes how organisms are arranged within an area.

(Or age distribution), describes the relative numbers of organisms of each age within a population.

Age Structure Diagrams

Visual tools scientists use to show the age Structure of populations.

Its proportion of males to females.

To show how the likelihood of death varies with age, population ecologists use graphs called survivorship curves

The arrival of individuals from outside a given area.

The departure of individuals from a given area.

A seasonal movement into and out of an area.

When a population increases by a fixed percentage each year, it is said to undergo exponential growth

Characteristics of the environment that limit population growth

The largest population size a given environment can sustainably support.

describes how a population's initial exponential increase is slowed and finally stopped by limiting factors.

Density-dependent factor

Competition is a density dependent factor because its influence changes with population density.

Density independent factors

limiting factors whose influence is not affected by population density.

Organisms different in their biotic Potential, or maximum ability to produce offspring in ideal conditions.

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Chapter 4

Vocabulary

Term	Definition
Ecology	The study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environments.
Species	A group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
Population	Members of a species that live in the same area at the same time make up a population.
Community	All of the populations in a particular area make up a community.
Ecosystem	Includes all of the living things and their physical environments within a particular area.
Biosphere	Includes all parts of Earth that host life, with all of its organisms and environments.
Biotic Factors	Parts of an ecosystem that are living or used to be living are called biotic factors
Abiotic Factors	Parts of an ecosystem that have never been living are called abiotic factors
Habitat	The specific environment in which an organism lives is its habitat.
Resources	Anything an organism needs, including nutrition, shelter, breeding sites and mates.
Population Size	Describes the number of individual organisms present in a given population at a given time.
Population Density	Describes the number of individuals within a population per unit area.
Population Distribution	(Sometimes called population dispersion), describes how organisms are arranged within an area.
Age Structure	(Or age distribution), describes the relative numbers of organisms of each age within a population.
Age Structure Diagrams	Visual tools scientists use to show the age Structure of populations.
Sex Ratio	Its proportion of males to females.
Survivorship Curves	To show how the likelihood of death varies with age, population ecologists use graphs called survivorship curves
Immigration	The arrival of individuals from outside a given area.
Emigration	The departure of individuals from a given area.
Migration	A seasonal movement into and out of an area.
Exponential Growth	When a population increases by a fixed percentage each year, it is said to undergo exponential growth
Limiting Factors	Characteristics of the environment that limit population growth
Carrying Capacity	The largest population size a given environment can sustainably support.
Logistic Growth	describes how a population's initial exponential increase is slowed and finally stopped by limiting factors.
Density-dependent factor	Competition is a density dependent factor because its influence changes with population density.
Density independent factors	limiting factors whose influence is not affected by population density.
Biotic Potential	Organisms different in their biotic Potential, or maximum ability to produce offspring in ideal conditions.

Created by: rahnaemumford

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