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chapter 4 vocab

TermDefinition
Ecology the study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment
species group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring
population members of a species that live in the same area at the same time
community all of the populations in a particular area
ecosystem includes all living and nonliving things
biosphere includes all parts of earth that host life with all of its organisms and environments
biotic factors parts of an ecosystem that are living or used to be living
abiotic factors parts of an ecosystem that has never been living
habitat the specific environment in which an organism lives in
resource is anything an organism need, including nutrition, shelter, breeding sites, and mates.
population size the number of individual organisms present in a given population at a given time
population density the number of individuals within a population per unit area
population distribution describes how organisms are arranged within a area
age structure describe the relative numbers of organisms of each age within a population
age structure diagrams visual tools scientists use to show the age structure of populations
sex ratio proportion of males to females
survivorship curves shows how the likelihood of death varies with age
immigration the arrival of individual from outside a given area
emigration the departure of individuals from a given area
migration a seasonal movement into and out of an area
exponential growth when a population increases by a fixed percentage each year
limiting factors Characteristics of the environment that limit population growth
carrying capacity is the largest population size a given environment can sustainably support
logistic growth how a populations initial exponential increase is slowed and finally stopped by limiting factors
Density dependent factor limiting factors whose influence changes with population density
Density independent factor limiting factors whose influence isn't affected by its populations density
biotic potential maximum ability to produce offspring in ideal condition
 

 



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