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Chapter 18

TermDefinition
Type 1 Diabetes: results from an autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic B cells. Usually develops in persons younger than 30 years of age.
Type 2 diabetes: development is attributed to a much more sedentary lifestyle and lack of exercise. Usually develops in persons older than 40 years, however more and more cases are being reported for those under 20 years old.
Hyperglycemia: refers to an abnormally high level of glucose (sugar) in the blood
Hypoglycemia: condition characterized by abnormally low levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood
Hyperkalemia medical condition characterized by elevated levels of potassium (an essential electrolyte) in the blood.
Glycosuria: the presence of glucose (sugar) in the urine
Prophylactic: refers to measures or treatments designed to prevent disease or a condition before it occurs
UTI Urinary Tract Infection
Xerostomia medical term for dry mouth
Arthralgia – Join Pain
Macroangiopathy refers to damage or disease affecting the large blood vessels
Microangiopathy refers to damage or disease affecting the small blood vessels
Ketoacidosis serious condition characterized by the buildup of acids called ketones in the body, which occurs when the body breaks down fat for fuel instead of carbohydrates. This can lead to a dangerously high level of acidity in the blood.
Insulins insulin aspart (NovoLog) rapid- acting, insulin lispro (Humalog) rapid-acting, insulin regular (Humulin R) short-acting, insulin glargine (Lantus) long-acting
Biguanides metformin (Glucophage)
SGLT-2 Inhibitors canagliflozin (Invokana)
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists liraglutide (Victoza), semaglutide (Ozempic)
Sulfonylureas glimepiride (Amaryl), glipizide (Glucotrol), glyburide (DiaBeta)
DPP-4 Inhibitors sitagliptin (Januvia)
Thiazolidinediones pioglitazone (Actos),,
Created by: jocelynheath703
 

 



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