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Gov Unit 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Executive Order | official directive issued by the president |
| Executive agreement | formal agreement made by the president and the leader of another country |
| veto power | constitutional authority of the president to reject a bill passed by congress |
| signing agreement | a written comment issued by the president when signing a bill |
| bully pulpit/ going public | Presidents powerful public platform to speak out, shape public opinion, and promote their agenda |
| commander-in-chief | The presidents role as the head of the nations armed forces |
| chief executive | The president enforcing and carrying out federal laws and managing the executive branch |
| chief diplomat | The presidents role as a nations main architect of foreign policy and representative to other countries |
| chief legislator | The president has the main influence on the nations laws and legislative agenda |
| appointment power | Power of the president to appoint people to key positions in the federal government |
| recess appintment | a temporary appointment made by the president of the US when the Senate is not in session |
| executive privilege | The presidents power to keep certain communications, documents, or information confidential |
| lame-duck period | A president or member of Congress whose successor has already been elected but who is still in office. |
| bargaining and persuasion | Tools that the president uses to influence Congress, public opinion, and other political actors |
| senate confirmation | process by which the US Senate approves or rejects presidential appointments to key fed positions |
| war powers resolution | A law passed by congress to limit the presidents power to commit US forces to armed conflicts w/o congressional approval |
| power of the purse | congresses constitutional authority to control government spending and taxation |
| congressional oversight | power of the United States to monitor, supervise, and review the activities of the executive branch |
| impeachment | process by which a gov official including the president of the US can be formally charged with wrongdoing |
| judicial review | power of the courts especially the US supreme court to review laws, executive actions, or gov policies and decide whether they are constitutional |
| 22nd amendment | limits the number of terms a president can serve |
| checks and balances | no single branch of government becomes too powerful |
| separation of powers | divides the government into three distinct branches |
| divided government | different political parties control different branches of government usually the President and Congress |
| the federalist No. 70 | Argues for a strong energetic executive in the US Gov |
| The federalist No. 51 | how the structure of the US gov will protect liberty and prevent abuse of power |
| Constitutional Amendment Process | The US Constitution can be changed or updated |
| Bureaucracy | system of government departments and agencies that implement and administer laws and policies |
| Bureaucratic rulemaking | gov agencies create detailed regulations and rules that implement laws passed by congress |
| discretionary authority | power given to government agencies and bureaucrats to make decisions and choose how to implement laws |
| independent regulatory agencies | fed agencies created by congress to regulate specific areas of the economy or government activity |
| Iron Triangle | stable, mutually beneficial relationship between three groups involved in policy making |
| Issue Network | looser, more fluid grou of individual and organizations that influence policy on specific issue |
| Cabinet Departments | major executive branch agencies of the US government |
| Government corporations | federally owned agencies that operate like private businesses |
| independent executive agencies | federal agencies that exist outside the cabinet Departments created to perform specialized functions |
| administrative adjudication | gov agencies resolve disputes or make decisions in specific cases |
| civil service/ merit system | method for hiring and promoting government employee based on ability, qualifications, and performance |
| hatch act | limits the political activities of gov employees |
| spoils system | gov hiring and promotion based on political loyalty |
| whistle blower protection | legal safeguards for gov employees who report misconducts,illegal activities, or violations of regulations |
| Freedom of information Act | gives the public the right to access information from the federal gov promotes transparency and accountability |
Created by:
Martina S