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Chapter 4 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Ecology The study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environments
Species A group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Population Members of a species that live in the same area at the same time
Community All of the populations in a particular area
Ecosystem Includes all living things and their physical environments within a particular area
Biosphere Includes all parts on Earth that host life, with all of its organisms and environments
Biotic Factors Parts of an ecosystem that are living or used to be living
Abiotic Factors Parts of an ecosystem that have never been living
Habitat The specific environment in which an organism lives
Resource Anything an organism needs, including nutrients, shelter, breeding sights, and mates
Population Size Describes the number of individual organisms present in a given population at the time
Population Density Describes the number of individuals within a population per unit area
Population Distributation Describes how organisms are arranged within an area
Age Structure Describes the relative numbers of organisms of each age within a population
Age Structure Diagrams Visual tools scientists use to to show the age structure of populations
Sex Ratio A portion of males to females
Survivorship Curves Graphs to show the likelihood of death varies with age
Immigration The arrival of individuals from outside a given area
Emigration The departure of individuals from a given area
Migration A seasonal movement into and out a certain area
Exponential Growth When the population increases by a fixed percentage each year
Limiting Factors Characteristics of the environment that limit population growth
Carrying Capacity The largest population size given environment can sustainably support
Logistic Growth Describes how a populations initial exponential increase is slowed and stopped by limiting factors
Density-Dependent Factor Competition for resources such as water and food
Density-Independent Factor Limiting factors who's influence is not affected by population density
Biotic Potential Maximum ability to produce offspring in ideal conditions
Created by: viabea
 

 



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