is the study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environments.

is a group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Members of a species that live in the same area at the same time make up a population

All of the populations in a particular area make up a community.

includes all of the living things and their physical environments within a particular area

includes all parts of Earth that host life, with all of its organisms and environments

Biotic Factors Parts of an ecosystem that are living or used to be living are called biotic factors

Parts of an ecosystem that have never been living are abiotic factors

The specific environment in which an organism lives is its habitat

describes the number of individual organisms present in a given population at a given time

describes the number of individuals within a population per unit area.

population distribution

sometimes called population dispersion, describes how organisms are arranged within an area

Age structure, or age distribution, describes the relative numbers of organisms of each age within a population

age structure diagram

are visual tools scientists use to show the age structure of populations

is its proportion of males to females. Notice that age structure diagrams also give information about sex ratio by providing the relative numbers of males and females in each age group

Figure 8 shows the three basic types.

is the arrival of individuals from outside a given area

the departure of individuals from a given area

is a seasonal movement into and out of an area. Many animals, including fishes, mammals, and birds, migrate

When a population increases by a fixed percentage each year, it is said to undergo exponential growth

are characteristics of the environment that limit population growth

is the largest population size a given environment can sustainably support

describes how a population's initial exponential increase is slowed and finally stopped by limiting factors

density-dependent factor

because its influence changes with population density.

density-independent factor,

are limiting factors whose influence is not affected by population density

Limiting factors from an organism's environment provide only half the story of population regulation. The other half comes from the characteristics of the organism itself

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CHAPTER 4 VOCAB

CHAPTER4 VOCAB

Term	Definition
ecology,	is the study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environments.
species	is a group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring
population	Members of a species that live in the same area at the same time make up a population
community	All of the populations in a particular area make up a community.
ecosystem	includes all of the living things and their physical environments within a particular area
biosphere	includes all parts of Earth that host life, with all of its organisms and environments
biotic factor	Biotic Factors Parts of an ecosystem that are living or used to be living are called biotic factors
abiotic factor	Parts of an ecosystem that have never been living are abiotic factors
habitat,	The specific environment in which an organism lives is its habitat
population size	describes the number of individual organisms present in a given population at a given time
population density	describes the number of individuals within a population per unit area.
population distribution	sometimes called population dispersion, describes how organisms are arranged within an area
age structure	Age structure, or age distribution, describes the relative numbers of organisms of each age within a population
age structure diagram	are visual tools scientists use to show the age structure of populations
sex ratio	is its proportion of males to females. Notice that age structure diagrams also give information about sex ratio by providing the relative numbers of males and females in each age group
survivorship curve	Figure 8 shows the three basic types.
immigration	is the arrival of individuals from outside a given area
emigration	the departure of individuals from a given area
migration	is a seasonal movement into and out of an area. Many animals, including fishes, mammals, and birds, migrate
exponential growth	When a population increases by a fixed percentage each year, it is said to undergo exponential growth
limiting factor	are characteristics of the environment that limit population growth
carrying capacity	is the largest population size a given environment can sustainably support
logistic growth	describes how a population's initial exponential increase is slowed and finally stopped by limiting factors
density-dependent factor	because its influence changes with population density.
density-independent factor,	are limiting factors whose influence is not affected by population density
biotic potential	Limiting factors from an organism's environment provide only half the story of population regulation. The other half comes from the characteristics of the organism itself

Created by: user-1973647

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