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Mesoamerica Study Gu

QuestionAnswer
The Big Three Empires & The Olmecs: Maya (250–900 CE) City-states, calendars, writing, astronomy.
The Big Three Empires & The Olmecs: Aztec (1345–1521 CE) Central Mexico, Tenochtitlán, warriors, tribute system.
The Big Three Empires & The Olmecs: Inca (1438–1533 CE) Andes Mountains, road system, terraces, centralized government.
The Big Three Empires & The Olmecs: Olmecs A Foundational Empire
Why Did They Expand? (Motivations): Maya Farmland, trade, prestige.
Why Did They Expand? (Motivations): Aztec Tribute (goods, labor, captives for sacrifice), power.
Why Did They Expand? (Motivations): Inca Unite Andes, secure resources (food, metals, farmland).
How Did They Expand? (Methods): Maya City-state warfare for captives and land.
How Did They Expand? (Methods): Aztec Military conquest + Triple Alliance + tribute.
How Did They Expand? (Methods): Inca Military conquest and diplomacy, roads, Quechua language, state religion.
How Successful Were They? (Effectiveness): Maya Limited – no central government, frequent collapse.
How Successful Were They? (Effectiveness): Aztec Strong empire, but resentment made it fragile.
How Successful Were They? (Effectiveness): Inca Most successful – centralized rule, large empire, strong infrastructure.
Why Did They Fall? (Decline): Maya Drought, overpopulation, warfare, collapse of city-states.
Why Did They Fall? (Decline): Aztec Harsh tribute, enemies allied with Spanish, smallpox, Cortés.
Why Did They Fall? (Decline): Inca Civil war, disease, Pizarro, Spanish weapons/horses.
Quick Comparison Strengths Maya: Science, writing, farming Aztec: Strong army, tribute, capital city Inca: Roads, language, terraces, centralized gov. Quick Comparison Weaknesses Maya: No unity, collapse of cities Aztec: Harsh rule, rebellion, Spanish invasion Inca: Civil war, disease, Spanish invasion
Test Prep Formula (Remember This!) 1. Expand → Need resources, farmland, tribute. 2. Methods → Warfare, alliances, diplomacy. 3. Success → Short-term vs. long-term control. 4. Fall → Internal problems + European conquest.
Memory Trick: Maya = Mystery collapse Aztec = Alliance + tribute, but enemies rebelled Inca = Infrastructure strong, but weakened by civil war + Spanish
Created by: user-1998955
 

 



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