a type of membrane potential change with a decrease in membrane negativity (e.g., from -70 mV to -55 mV); usually caused by opening sodium or calcium channels.

a type of membrane potential change with an increase in membrane negativity (e.g., from -70 mV to -80 mV); often caused by opening potassium or chloride channels.

a type of membrane potential change with the return of the membrane to resting potential after depolarization; usually involves potassium channels opening.

Neurons have dendrites (receive signals), a cell body (integrates signals), an axon (transmits signals), and a synapse (communicates with other cells).

Branch-like structures that receive incoming signals from other neurons or sensory receptors.

A long projection that carries electrical signals (action potentials) away from the cell body to other neurons or effectors.

Contains the nucleus and integrates incoming signals to determine whether to generate an action potential.

The junction between neurons or between a neuron and another cell; site of chemical communication.

A chemical released at the synapse that binds to receptors on the next cell to transmit a signals

The membrane voltage (usually around -55 mV) that must be reached for an action potential to begin.

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Nerve Signaling

Camille Crosthwait

Term	Definition
Depolarization	a type of membrane potential change with a decrease in membrane negativity (e.g., from -70 mV to -55 mV); usually caused by opening sodium or calcium channels.
Hyperpolarization	a type of membrane potential change with an increase in membrane negativity (e.g., from -70 mV to -80 mV); often caused by opening potassium or chloride channels.
Repolarization	a type of membrane potential change with the return of the membrane to resting potential after depolarization; usually involves potassium channels opening.
Neuron structure	Neurons have dendrites (receive signals), a cell body (integrates signals), an axon (transmits signals), and a synapse (communicates with other cells).
Dendrites	Branch-like structures that receive incoming signals from other neurons or sensory receptors.
Axon	A long projection that carries electrical signals (action potentials) away from the cell body to other neurons or effectors.
Cell body (soma)	Contains the nucleus and integrates incoming signals to determine whether to generate an action potential.
Synapse	The junction between neurons or between a neuron and another cell; site of chemical communication.
Neurotransmitter	A chemical released at the synapse that binds to receptors on the next cell to transmit a signals
Threshold potential	The membrane voltage (usually around -55 mV) that must be reached for an action potential to begin.

Created by: user-1991129

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